Python

Python

正确的答案是，使用

validatecommand

小部件的属性。不幸的是，尽管在

Tkinter

中有足够的文档记录，但该功能在

Tkinter

领域中的记录不足。即使没有很好地记录下来，它也具有验证所需的一切，而无需求助于绑定或跟踪变量，或在验证过程中修改小部件。

诀窍是要知道您可以让

Tkinter

将特殊值传递给

validate

命令。这些值为您提供了决定数据是否有效所需的所有信息：编辑之前的值，编辑之后的值（如果编辑有效）以及其他几位信息。但是，要使用这些命令，您需要做一点巫术，以使此信息传递到您的

validate

命令。

注意：验证命令返回

True

或至关重要

False

。任何其他情况都会导致该小部件的验证被关闭。

这是一个仅允许小写的示例（并显示所有这些时髦的值）：

import tkinter as tk  # python 3.x# import Tkinter as tk # python 2.xclass Example(tk.frame):    def __init__(self, parent):        tk.frame.__init__(self, parent)        # valid percent substitutions (from the Tk entry man page)        # note: you only have to register the ones you need; this        # example registers them all for illustrative purposes        #        # %d = Type of action (1=insert, 0=delete, -1 for others)        # %i = index of char string to be inserted/deleted, or -1        # %P = value of the entry if the edit is allowed        # %s = value of entry prior to editing        # %S = the text string being inserted or deleted, if any        # %v = the type of validation that is currently set        # %V = the type of validation that triggered the callback        #      (key, focusin, focusout, forced)        # %W = the tk name of the widget        vcmd = (self.register(self.onValidate),     '%d', '%i', '%P', '%s', '%S', '%v', '%V', '%W')        self.entry = tk.Entry(self, validate="key", validatecommand=vcmd)        self.text = tk.Text(self, height=10, width=40)        self.entry.pack(side="top", fill="x")        self.text.pack(side="bottom", fill="both", expand=True)    def onValidate(self, d, i, P, s, S, v, V, W):        self.text.delete("1.0", "end")        self.text.insert("end","OnValidate:n")        self.text.insert("end","d='%s'n" % d)        self.text.insert("end","i='%s'n" % i)        self.text.insert("end","P='%s'n" % P)        self.text.insert("end","s='%s'n" % s)        self.text.insert("end","S='%s'n" % S)        self.text.insert("end","v='%s'n" % v)        self.text.insert("end","V='%s'n" % V)        self.text.insert("end","W='%s'n" % W)        # Disallow anything but lowercase letters        if S == S.lower(): return True        else: self.bell() return Falseif __name__ == "__main__":    root = tk.Tk()    Example(root).pack(fill="both", expand=True)    root.mainloop()

有关调用该

register

方法时幕后情况的更多信息，请参见输入验证

tkinter