Linux下多路径Multipath的简单配置1、启用Multipath：（1）启动multipathd服务 #service multipathd start 或者 #/etc/init.d/multipathd start（2）修改multipath配置文件/etc/multipath.conf： a 默认情况下所以的
设备都在multipath的黑名单中，所以即使启动了multipathd服务并加在了内核模块，multipath也不会对链路进行聚合，找到下面的3行并注释掉（在行首加上#号） #devnode_blacklist { # devnode "*" #} b 默认情况下multipath生成dm设备之后，会同时在/dev/mapper/下生成以
磁盘wwid为名的符号链接指向对应的dm设备。如果想生成mpath设备，则需要打开user_friendly_names选项，将配置文件中下面3行的注释取消（去掉行首的#号） defaults { user_friendly_names yes }（3）重启multipathd服务（修改multipath.conf文件之后都应该重启multipath服务）（4）扫描磁盘 #multipath -v2使用上面命令之后，系统中会出现链路聚合之后的dm设备，同时也会在/dev/mapper/、/dev/mpath/目录下生成相应的设备。查看multipath拓扑结构 #multipath -ll另外一个重要的文件是/var/lib/multipath/bindings，这个文件中是磁盘的
别名和wwid的对应关系，典型的例子是： mpath0 3600508b4000c3af700008000002d0000（5）需要注意的问题，multipath也会为本地的磁盘生成相应的dm设备，所以需要在multipath.conf中将本地磁盘加入到黑名单，配置的方法可以参考下面的示例 devnode_blacklist { wwid 36005076b08164f4011ae88b23efb95fe devnode "^(ram|raw|loop|fd|md|dm-|sr|scd|st)[0-9]*" devnode "^hd[a-z]" }如上例所示，可以通过wwid或者设备名将本地磁盘加入到黑名单中。2、固定multipath设备的命名：通过wwid和设备别名一一对应的方式固定multipath设备的名称，这些和别名对应的设备会被创建到/dev/mapper/目录下，使用时直接使用这个目录的的设备。（1）通过/var/lib/multipath/bindings可以获取所有磁盘的wwid，确定每个磁盘的别名之后，在/etc/multipath.conf中的multipaths段中加入相应的配置，如将wwid为3600508b4000c3b910000c00000330000的磁盘命名为etl01，wwid为3600508b4000c3b910000c00000390000的磁盘命名为etl02，配置文件如下所示multipaths { multipath { wwid 3600508b4000c3b910000c00000330000 alias etl01 } multipath { wwid 3600508b4000c3b910000c00000390000 alias etl02 }}（2）配置完成之后，重启multipathd服务，使用下面的命令清空已有的multipath记录 #multipath -F然后使用multipath -v2重新扫描设备，这时会在/dev/mapper/目录下生成和别名对应的设备文件。 #ls /dev/mapper/ control etl01 eth02（3）如果多台服务器的存储链路完全相同，并希望各服务器上同一磁盘的设备名相同，可以在一台服务器上配置好别名绑定之后，将multipaths { }中间的配置复制到其他服务器，这样各台服务器/dev/mapper/下面的设备将会保持一致。如果使用了多路径方案，可以直接使用multipath绑定设备名不需要用到asmlib或UDEV请直接参考文档：Configuringnon-rawmultipathdevicesforOracleClusterware11g(11.1.0,11.2.0)onRHEL5/OL5[ID605828.1][root@vrh1~]#foriin`cat/proc/partitions|awk'{print$4}'|grepsd|grep[a-z]$`doecho"###$i:`scsi_id-g-u-s/block/$i`"done###sda:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695_###sdb:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_###sdc:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_###sdd:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_###sde:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a_###sdf:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e_###sdg:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9_###sdh:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc0115ef6-a48bc15d_###sdi:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB3a556907-2b72391d_###sdj:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB7ec8476c-08641bd4_###sdk:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB743e1567-d0009678_[root@vrh1~]#grep-v^#/etc/multipath.confdefaults{user_friendly_namesyes}defaults{udev_dir/devpolling_interval10selector"round-robin0"path_grouping_policyfailovergetuid_callout"/sbin/scsi_id-g-u-s/block/%n"prio_callout/bin/truepath_checkerreadsector0rr_min_io100rr_weightprioritiesfailbackimmediate#no_path_retryfailuser_friendly_nameyes}devnode_blacklist{devnode"^(ram|raw|loop|fd|md|dm-|sr|scd|st)[0-9]*"devnode"^hd[a-z]"devnode"^cciss!c[0-9]d[0-9]*"}multipaths{multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_aliasvoting1path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_aliasvoting2path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_aliasvoting3path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a_aliasocr1path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e_aliasocr2path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9_aliasocr3path_grouping_policyfailover}}[root@vrh1~]#multipath[root@vrh1~]#multipath-llmpath2(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB3a556907-2b72391d_)dm-9ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-8:0:0:0sdi8:128activereadyrunningmpath1(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc0115ef6-a48bc15d_)dm-8ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-7:0:0:0sdh8:112activereadyrunningocr3(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9_)dm-7ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-6:0:0:0sdg8:96activereadyrunningocr2(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e_)dm-6ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-5:0:0:0sdf8:80activereadyrunningocr1(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a_)dm-5ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-4:0:0:0sde8:64activereadyrunningvoting3(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_)dm-4ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=40Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-3:0:0:0sdd8:48activereadyrunningvoting2(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_)dm-3ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=40Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-2:0:0:0sdc8:32activereadyrunningvoting1(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_)dm-2ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=40Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-1:0:0:0sdb8:16activereadyrunningmpath4(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB743e1567-d0009678_)dm-11ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-10:0:0:0sdk8:160activereadyrunningmpath3(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB7ec8476c-08641bd4_)dm-10ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-9:0:0:0sdj8:144activereadyrunning[root@vrh1~]#dmsetupls|sortmpath1(253,8)mpath2(253,9)mpath3(253,10)mpath4(253,11)ocr1(253,5)ocr2(253,6)ocr3(253,7)VolGroup00-LogVol00(253,0)VolGroup00-LogVol01(253,1)voting1(253,2)voting2(253,3)voting3(253,4)[root@vrh1~]#ls-l/dev/mapper/*crw-------1rootroot10,62Oct1709:58/dev/mapper/controlbrw-rw----1rootdisk253,8Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath1brw-rw----1rootdisk253,9Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath2brw-rw----1rootdisk253,10Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath3brw-rw----1rootdisk253,11Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath4brw-rw----1rootdisk253,5Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/ocr1brw-rw----1rootdisk253,6Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/ocr2brw-rw----1rootdisk253,7Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/ocr3brw-rw----1rootdisk253,0Oct1709:58/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00brw-rw----1rootdisk253,1Oct1709:58/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol01brw-rw----1rootdisk253,2Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/voting1brw-rw----1rootdisk253,3Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/voting2brw-rw----1rootdisk253,4Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/voting3[root@vrh1~]#ls-l/dev/dm*brw-rw----1rootroot253,0Oct1709:58/dev/dm-0brw-rw----1rootroot253,1Oct1709:58/dev/dm-1brw-rw----1rootroot253,10Oct1900:11/dev/dm-10brw-rw----1rootroot253,11Oct1900:11/dev/dm-11brw-rw----1rootroot253,2Oct1900:11/dev/dm-2brw-rw----1rootroot253,3Oct1900:11/dev/dm-3brw-rw----1rootroot253,4Oct1900:11/dev/dm-4brw-rw----1rootroot253,5Oct1900:11/dev/dm-5brw-rw----1rootroot253,6Oct1900:11/dev/dm-6brw-rw----1rootroot253,7Oct1900:11/dev/dm-7brw-rw----1rootroot253,8Oct1900:11/dev/dm-8brw-rw----1rootroot253,9Oct1900:11/dev/dm-9[root@vrh1~]#ls-l/dev/disk/by-id/total0lrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0->../../asm-diskblrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB3a556907-2b72391d->../../asm-diskilrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e->../../asm-diskflrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9->../../asm-diskglrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a->../../asm-diskelrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB743e1567-d0009678->../../asm-diskklrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB7ec8476c-08641bd4->../../asm-diskjlrwxrwxrwx1rootroot9Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695->../../sdalrwxrwxrwx1rootroot10Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695-part1->../../sda1lrwxrwxrwx1rootroot10Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695-part2->../../sda2lrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33->../../asm-diskclrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc0115ef6-a48bc15d->../../asm-diskhlrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8->../../asm-diskdReportAbuseLike(0)2.Re:asm磁盘使用链路聚合设备名，IO性能只有非聚合设备的1/6!LiuMaclean(刘相兵)ExpertLiuMaclean(刘相兵)Jul21,201311:09AM(inresponseto13628)step1:[oracle@vrh8mapper]$cat/etc/multipath.confmultipaths{multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_aliasasm-disk1mode660uid501gid503}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_aliasasm-disk2mode660uid501gid503}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_aliasasm-disk3mode660uid501gid503}}第二步：rebootorservicemultipathdrestart第三步：[oracle@vrh8mapper]$ls-l/dev/mapper/asm-disk*brw-rw----1gridasmadmin253,4Jul2107:02/dev/mapper/asm-disk1brw-rw----1gridasmadmin253,2Jul2107:02/dev/mapper/asm-disk2brw-rw----1gridasmadmin253,3Jul2107:02/dev/mapper/asm-disk3multipath 只是个多路径软件。
配置文件:/etc/multipath.conf
查看磁盘:multipath -ll
扫描磁盘： multipath -v2
在使用时，一般用/etc/mapper/mpath{n}块设备。
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