linux 安装usb无线网卡驱动怎么安装

linux 安装usb无线网卡驱动的具体步骤如下：

1、将USB无线网卡插入电脑，双击打开“计算机”，双击光驱；

2、双击之后d出一个页面，选择“安装驱动程序”，选择购买型号网卡的驱动，先选定，再点安装；

3、在无线上网卡官网下载相对应型号无线网卡进行安装驱动，下载完成后进行解压；

4、打开解压出来的文件找到“Setup.exe”，双击完成安装后，重启电脑即可完成。

5、温馨提醒：USB无线网卡要连接到笔记本或者台式机上 ；安装驱动完成后建议重启一下电脑。

下面的信息都是在VMware中运行Ubuntu12-04系统上执行的。同样该命令也支持在嵌入式系统中进行USB调试。

一、cat设备节点获取信息

在一些嵌入式开发中需要调试USB功能，经常会cat /sys 下的相关设备节点来查看某些信息，比如说我们可以看到 /sys/bus/usb/devices 目录有多个子目录。进入到某个子目录可以看到usb设备更加详细的信息(可以理解为设备描述符)。

1、usb设备在总线上的信息

// usb设备在总线上的信息

root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug# cd /sys/bus/usb/devices

root@ubuntu:/sys/bus/usb/devices# ll

total 0

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 ./

drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 ../

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 1-0:1.0 ->../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:03.0/usb1/1-0:1.0/

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Dec 15 23:10 1-1 ->../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:03.0/usb1/1-1/

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Dec 15 23:18 1-1:1.0 ->../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:03.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 2-0:1.0 ->../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:00.0/usb2/2-0:1.0/

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 2-1 ->../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:00.0/usb2/2-1/

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 2-1:1.0 ->../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:00.0/usb2/2-1/2-1:1.0/

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 2-2 ->../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:00.0/usb2/2-2/

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 2-2:1.0 ->../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:00.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0/

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 usb1 ->../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:03.0/usb1/

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 usb2 ->../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:00.0/usb2/

其中 usbx/第x个总线，x-y:a.b/的目录格式，x表示总线号，y表示端口，a表示配置，b表示接口。

具体解释可以参照如下：

The names that begin with "usb" refer to USB controllers. More accurately, they refer to the "root hub" associated with each controller. The number is the USB bus number. In the example there is only one controller, so its bus is number 1. Hence the name "usb1".

"1-0:1.0" is a special case. It refers to the root hub's interface. This acts just like the interface in an actual hub an almost every respectsee below.

All the other entries refer to genuine USB devices and their interfaces. The devices are named by a scheme like this:

bus-port.port.port ...

In other words, the name starts with the bus number followed by a '-'. Then comes the sequence of port numbers for each of the intermediate hubs along the path to the device.

For example, "1-1" is a device plugged into bus 1, port 1. It happens to be a hub, and "1-1.3" is the device plugged into port 3 of that hub. That device is another hub, and "1-1.3.1" is the device plugged into its port 1.

The interfaces are indicated by suffixes having this form:

:config.interface

That is, a ':' followed by the configuration number followed by '.' followed by the interface number. In the above example, each of the devices is using configuration 1 and this configuration has only a single interface, number 0. So the interfaces show up as

1-1:1.0 1-1.3:1.0 1-1.3.1:1.0

A hub will never have more than a single interfacethat's part of the USB spec. But other devices can and do have multiple interfaces (and sometimes multiple configurations). Each interface gets its own entry in sysfs and can have its own driver.

2、特定设备的详细信息

进入到某个目录中去，可以看到该设备的详细信息，可用cat命令获取信息。

// usb设备的详细信息

root@ubuntu:/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb1# ll

total 0

drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 ./

drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 ../

drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 1-0:1.0/

drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 0 Dec 15 23:10 1-1/

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 authorized

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 authorized_default

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 avoid_reset_quirk

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 bcdDevice

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 bConfigurationValue

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 bDeviceClass

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 bDeviceProtocol

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 bDeviceSubClass

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 bmAttributes

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 bMaxPacketSize0

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 bMaxPower

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 bNumConfigurations

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 bNumInterfaces

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 busnum

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 configuration

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 65553 Nov 26 21:21 descriptors

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 dev

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 devnum

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 devpath

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 27 20:06 driver ->../../../../../bus/usb/drivers/usb/

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Dec 15 23:40 ep_00/

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 idProduct

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 idVendor

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 ltm_capable

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 manufacturer

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 maxchild

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 power/

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 product

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 quirks

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 removable

--w------- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 remove

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 serial

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 speed

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 subsystem ->../../../../../bus/usb/

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 26 21:21 uevent

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 urbnum

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Dec 15 23:40 version

二、使用debugfs

1、挂载 debugfs 到 /sys/kernel/debug 路径下

root@ubuntu:mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug

2、执行上述步骤之后，在 /sys/kernel/debug 就会生成如下的文件

root@ubuntu:/sys/bus/usb/devices# cd /sys/kernel/debug/

root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug# ll

total 0

drwx------ 22 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 ./

drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 ../

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 acpi/

drwxr-xr-x 32 root root 0 Dec 4 16:30 bdi/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 bluetooth/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 cleancache/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 dma_buf/

drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 dri/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 dynamic_debug/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 extfrag/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 frontswap/

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 gpio

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 hid/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 kprobes/

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 kvm-guest/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 mce/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 pinctrl/

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 pwm

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 regmap/

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 regulator/

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 sched_features

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 sleep_time

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 suspend_stats

drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 tracing/

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 usb/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 virtio-ports/

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 vmmemctl

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 wakeup_sources

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 26 21:21 x86/

3、cat 设备节点

执行下述命令之后会以特定格式打印目前USB总线上所有USB设备的信息如下：

root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug# cat usb/devices

T: Bus=02 Lev=00 Prnt=00 Port=00 Cnt=00 Dev#= 1 Spd=12 MxCh= 2

B: Alloc= 17/900 us ( 2%), #Int= 1, #Iso= 0

D: Ver= 1.10 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS=64 #Cfgs= 1

P: Vendor=1d6b ProdID=0001 Rev= 3.13

S: Manufacturer=Linux 3.13.0-32-generic uhci_hcd

S: Product=UHCI Host Controller

S: SerialNumber=0000:02:00.0

C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=e0 MxPwr= 0mA

I:* If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 Driver=hub

E: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 2 Ivl=255ms

T: Bus=02 Lev=01 Prnt=01 Port=00 Cnt=01 Dev#= 2 Spd=12 MxCh= 0

D: Ver= 1.10 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS= 8 #Cfgs= 1

P: Vendor=0e0f ProdID=0003 Rev= 1.03

S: Manufacturer=VMware

S: Product=VMware Virtual USB Mouse

C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=c0 MxPwr= 0mA

I:* If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=03(HID ) Sub=01 Prot=02 Driver=usbhid

E: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 8 Ivl=1ms

T: Bus=02 Lev=01 Prnt=01 Port=01 Cnt=02 Dev#= 3 Spd=12 MxCh= 7

D: Ver= 1.10 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS= 8 #Cfgs= 1

P: Vendor=0e0f ProdID=0002 Rev= 1.00

S: Product=VMware Virtual USB Hub

C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=e0 MxPwr= 0mA

I:* If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 Driver=hub

E: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 1 Ivl=255ms

T: Bus=01 Lev=00 Prnt=00 Port=00 Cnt=00 Dev#= 1 Spd=480 MxCh= 6

B: Alloc= 0/800 us ( 0%), #Int= 1, #Iso= 0

D: Ver= 2.00 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS=64 #Cfgs= 1

P: Vendor=1d6b ProdID=0002 Rev= 3.13

S: Manufacturer=Linux 3.13.0-32-generic ehci_hcd

S: Product=EHCI Host Controller

S: SerialNumber=0000:02:03.0

C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=e0 MxPwr= 0mA

I:* If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 Driver=hub

E: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 4 Ivl=256ms

T: Bus=01 Lev=01 Prnt=01 Port=00 Cnt=01 Dev#= 7 Spd=480 MxCh= 0

D: Ver= 2.00 Cls=ff(vend.) Sub=ff Prot=ff MxPS=64 #Cfgs= 1

P: Vendor=0bda ProdID=0129 Rev=39.60

S: Manufacturer=Generic

S: Product=USB2.0-CRW

S: SerialNumber=20100201396000000

C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=a0 MxPwr=500mA

I:* If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 3 Cls=ff(vend.) Sub=06 Prot=50 Driver=rts5139

E: Ad=01(O) Atr=02(Bulk) MxPS= 512 Ivl=0ms

E: Ad=82(I) Atr=02(Bulk) MxPS= 512 Ivl=0ms

E: Ad=83(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 3 Ivl=64ms

至于信息的详细解析可以参照 Linux源代码中 Documentation/usb/proc_usb_info.txt 文件。现摘录其中对该格式的详细解释：

| | |__Product ID code

| |__Vendor ID code

|__Device info tag #2

String descriptor info:

S: Manufacturer=ssss

| |__Manufacturer of this device as read from the device.

| For USB host controller drivers (virtual root hubs) this may

| be omitted, or (for newer drivers) will identify the kernel

| version and the driver which provi

可通过以下步骤在Linux虚拟机上安装USB无线网卡驱动：

1、打开“计算机”，单击“设备管理器”，在设备管理器浏览窗口找到网络适配器，以便查询看无线网卡驱动以及设备是否已正确安装；

2、在计算机里面点击虚拟机名称，打开对应的虚拟机设备；

3、点击“虚拟机”菜单，从其下拉菜单中选择“可移动设置”，并从无线网卡驱动名称中选择“与主机连接或断开连接”项，并点击确定；

4、通过以上步骤，此时主机中的无线网卡已被d出，而虚拟机中的无线网卡驱动已安装成功并且可以正常使用。

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