objective-c 字符串格式化

概述转自  http://hi.baidu.com/jt_one/blog/item/c346d35815a3159f800a189b.html 在使用诸如NSLog, [NSString stringWithFormat:]之类的函数时,都是基于c/c++风格的字符串格式化工作的. 本来c/c++就没怎么用过,到iphone开发开发时掺合上NS系的对象,格式化输出更是一头的乱. 看了一下Progra 转自  http://hi.baidu.com/jt_one/blog/item/c346d35815a3159f800a189b.html

---

在使用诸如NSLog,[Nsstring stringWithFormat:]之类的函数时,都是基于c/c++风格的字符串格式化工作的.

本来c/c++就没怎么用过,到iphone开发开发时掺合上NS系的对象,格式化输出更是一头的乱.
看了一下Programming GuIDe for Cocoa的文档,还是有比较详尽的说明的,整理出来备查.

格式定义
The format specifIErs supported by the Nsstring formatting methods and CFString formatting functions follow the IEEE printf specification; the specifIErs are summarized in table 1. Note that you can also use the “n$” positional specifIErs such as %1$@ %2$s. For more details,see the IEEE printf specification. You can also use these format specifIErs with the NSLog function.

定义	说明
%@	Objective-C object,printed as the string returned by descriptionWithLocale: if available,or description otherwise. Also works with CFTypeRef objects,returning the result of the CFcopyDescription function.
%%	‘%’ character
%d,%D,%i	Signed 32-bit integer (int)
%u,%U	Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int)
%hi	Signed 16-bit integer (short)
%hu	Unsigned 16-bit integer (unsigned short)
%qi	Signed 64-bit integer (long long)
%qu	Unsigned 64-bit integer (unsigned long long)
%x	Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int),printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and lowercase a–f
%X	Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int),printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and uppercase A–F
%qx	Unsigned 64-bit integer (unsigned long long),printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and lowercase a–f
%qX	Unsigned 64-bit integer (unsigned long long),printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and uppercase A–F
%o,%O	Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int),printed in octal
%f	64-bit floating-point number (double)
%e	64-bit floating-point number (double),printed in scIEntific notation using a lowercase e to introduce the exponent
%E	64-bit floating-point number (double),printed in scIEntific notation using an uppercase E to introduce the exponent
%g	64-bit floating-point number (double),printed in the style of %e if the exponent is less than –4 or greater than or equal to the precision,in the style of %f otherwise
%G	64-bit floating-point number (double),printed in the style of %E if the exponent is less than –4 or greater than or equal to the precision,in the style of %f otherwise
%c	8-bit unsigned character (unsigned char),printed by NSLog() as an ASCII character,or,if not an ASCII character,in the octal format \ddd or the Unicode hexadecimal format \udddd,where d is a digit
%C	16-bit Unicode character (unichar),where d is a digit
%s	Null-terminated array of 8-bit unsigned characters. %s interprets its input in the system enCoding rather than,for example,UTF-8.
%s	Null-terminated array of 16-bit Unicode characters
%p	VoID pointer (voID *),printed in hexadecimal with the digits 0–9 and lowercase a–f,with a leading 0x
%L	Length modifIEr specifying that a following a,A,e,E,f,F,g,or G conversion specifIEr applIEs to a long double argument
%a	64-bit floating-point number (double),printed in scIEntific notation with a leading 0x and one hexadecimal digit before the decimal point using a lowercase p to introduce the exponent
%A	64-bit floating-point number (double),printed in scIEntific notation with a leading 0X and one hexadecimal digit before the decimal point using a uppercase P to introduce the exponent
%F	64-bit floating-point number (double),printed in decimal notation
%z	Length modifIEr specifying that a following d,i,o,u,x,or X conversion specifIEr applIEs to a size_t or the corresponding signed integer type argument
%t	Length modifIEr specifying that a following d,or X conversion specifIEr applIEs to a ptrdiff_t or the corresponding unsigned integer type argument
%j	Length modifIEr specifying that a following d,or X conversion specifIEr applIEs to a intmax_t or uintmax_t argument

平台依赖
Mac OS X uses several data types—NSInteger,NSUInteger,CGfloat,and CFIndex—to provIDe a consistent means of representing values in 32- and 64-bit environments. In a 32-bit environment,NSInteger and NSUInteger are defined as int and unsigned int,respectively. In 64-bit environments,NSInteger and NSUInteger are defined as long and unsigned long,respectively. To avoID the need to use different printf-style type specifIErs depending on the platform,you can use the specifIErs shown in table 2. Note that in some cases you may have to cast the value.

类型	定义	建议
NSInteger	%ld or %lx	Cast the value to long
NSUInteger	%lu or %lx	Cast the value to unsigned long
CGfloat	%f or %g	%f works for floats and doubles when formatting; but see below warning when scanning
CFIndex	%ld or %lx	The same as NSInteger
pointer	%p	%p adds 0x to the beginning of the output. If you don’t want that,use %lx and cast to long.
long long	%lld or %llx	long long is 64-bit on both 32- and 64-bit platforms
unsigned long long	%llu or %llx	unsigned long long is 64-bit on both 32- and 64-bit platforms

The following example illustrates the use of %ld to format an NSInteger and the use of a cast.

1 2	NSInteger i = 42; printf("%ld\n", (long)i);

In addition to the consIDerations mentioned in table 2,there is one extra case with scanning: you must distinguish the types for float and double. You should use %f for float,%lf for double. If you need to use scanf (or a variant thereof) with CGfloat,switch to double instead,and copy the double to CGfloat.

1 2 3 4

CGfloat imageWIDth; double tmp; sscanf (str, "%lf", &tmp); imageWIDth = tmp;

It is important to remember that %lf does not represent CGfloat correctly on either 32- or 64-bit platforms. This is unlike %ld,which works for long in all cases.

总结

以上是内存溢出为你收集整理的objective-c 字符串格式化全部内容，希望文章能够帮你解决objective-c 字符串格式化所遇到的程序开发问题。

如果觉得内存溢出网站内容还不错，欢迎将内存溢出网站推荐给程序员好友。