
iOS 中可以通过 nspredicate 来处理正则表达式。相关资料如下:
nspredicate 苹果官方文档:
http://developer.apple.com/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/Predicates/predicates.html
Predicate format strings:
http://developer.apple.com/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/Predicates/Articles/pSyntax.html
ICU 正则表达式规则:
http://www.icu-project.org/userguide/regexp.html
在 iOS 中,我们使用 nspredicate 的字符串比较功能来进行正则表达式处理,其比较关键字为:MATCHES
下面,列举一个匹配6-15个由字母/数字组成的字符串的正则表达式,来看看 nspredicate 的具体使用:
[cpp] view plain copy print ? Nsstring * regex = @"(^[A-Za-z0-9]{6,15}$)"; nspredicate * pred = [nspredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", regex]; BOol isMatch = [pred evaluateWithObject:@"123456ABCde"];
下面是一些常用的正则表达式 //邮箱 + (BOol) valIDateEmail:(Nsstring *)email { Nsstring *emailRegex = @"[A-Z0-9a-z._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\.[A-Za-z]{2,4}"; nspredicate *emailTest = [nspredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", emailRegex]; return [emailTest evaluateWithObject:email]; } //手机号码验证 + (BOol) valIDateMobile:(Nsstring *)mobile { //手机号以13, 15,18开头,八个 \d 数字字符 Nsstring *phoneRegex = @"^((13[0-9])|(15[^4,\D])|(18[0,0-9]))\d{8}$"; nspredicate *phoneTest = [nspredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",phoneRegex]; return [phoneTest evaluateWithObject:mobile]; //车牌号验证 + (BOol) valIDateCarNo:(Nsstring *)carNo Nsstring *carRegex = @"^[\u4e00-\u9fa5]{1}[a-zA-Z]{1}[a-zA-Z_0-9]{4}[a-zA-Z_0-9_\u4e00-\u9fa5]$"; nspredicate *carTest = [nspredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",carRegex]; NSLog(@"carTest is %@",carTest); return [carTest evaluateWithObject:carNo]; //车型 + (BOol) valIDateCarType:(Nsstring *)CarType Nsstring *CarTypeRegex = @"^[\u4E00-\u9FFF]+$"; return [carTest evaluateWithObject:CarType]; } //用户名 + (BOol) valIDateUsername:(Nsstring *)name Nsstring *usernameRegex = @"^[A-Za-z0-9]{6,20}+$"; nspredicate *usernamePredicate = [nspredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",usernameRegex]; BOol B = [usernamePredicate evaluateWithObject:name]; return B; //密码 + (BOol) valIDatePassword:(Nsstring *)passWord Nsstring *passWordRegex = @"^[a-zA-Z0-9]{6,108); List-style:decimal-leading-zero outsIDe; color:inherit; line-height:18px; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 3px 0px 10px!important"> nspredicate *passWordPredicate = [nspredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",passWordRegex]; return [passWordPredicate evaluateWithObject:passWord]; //昵称 + (BOol) valIDateNickname:(Nsstring *)nickname Nsstring *nicknameRegex = @"^[\u4e00-\u9fa5]{4,8}$"; nspredicate *passWordPredicate = [nspredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",nicknameRegex]; return [passWordPredicate evaluateWithObject:nickname]; //身份z号 + (BOol) valIDateIDentityCard: (Nsstring *)IDentityCard BOol flag; if (IDentityCard.length <= 0) { flag = NO; return flag; } Nsstring *regex2 = @"^(\d{14}|\d{17})(\d|[xX])$"; nspredicate *IDentityCardPredicate = [nspredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",regex2]; return [IDentityCardPredicate evaluateWithObject:IDentityCard]; }
其实iOS中有三种方式来实现正则表达式的匹配。现在将他们都记录在这里:
1.利用nspredicate(谓词)匹配
例如匹配有效邮箱:
Nsstring *email = @“nijino_saki@163.com”;
Nsstring *regex = @"[A-Z0-9a-z._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\\.[A-Za-z]{2,4}";
nspredicate *predicate = [nspredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",regex];
BOol isValID = [predicate evaluateWithObject:email];
谓词匹配比较灵活,但是需要有谓词的相关知识。
2.利用rangeOfString:option:直接查找
Nsstring *searchText = @"// Do any additional setup after loading the vIEw,typically from a nib.";
NSRange range = [searchText rangeOfString:@"(?:[^,])*\\." options:NSRegularExpressionSearch];
if (range.location != NSNotFound) {
NSLog(@"%@",[searchText substringWithRange:range]);
}
options中设定NSRegularExpressionSearch就是表示利用正则表达式匹配,会返回第一个匹配结果的位置。
3.使用正则表达式类
NSError *error = NulL;
NSRegularExpression *regex = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:@"(?:[^,])*\\." options:NSRegularExpressionCaseInsensitive error:&error];
NSTextCheckingResult *result = [regex firstMatchInString:searchText options:0 range:NSMakeRange(0,[searchText length])];
if (result) {
NSLog(@"%@\n",[searchText substringWithRange:result.range]);
使用系统的正则表达式类(NSRegularExpression)会返回匹配的多个结果。
小结:
第一种匹配需要学习nspredicate的写法,需要查阅苹果相关技术文档;如果只关心第一个匹配的结果,第二种匹配较为简洁;如果需要匹配多个结果,同时匹配多次,第三种方式效率会更高。
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