怎么启动db2数据库_sql

方法/步骤

找到计算机或我的电脑

打开电脑，进入电脑系统，在电脑桌面中，找到计算机，或者是我的电脑。

进入计算机管理功能

找到计算机或我的电脑后，鼠标右键计算机，在d出来的右键菜单中，找到管理功能，点击管理功能，进入计算机管理功能。

找到计算机中的服务

在计算机管理功能中，找到服务和应用程序，点开服务和应用程序后，可以看到服务功能，点击服务功能，就可以打开计算机上面的所有服务了。

找到DB2 数据库的服务

在计算机管理中的服务列表中，找到所有DB2数据库的服务，以DB2开始的服务名即为DB2数据库服务名。

修改DB2数据库启动类型

找到DB2数据库的服务后，双击DB2数据库的服务或右键看DB2数据库的服务属性，在DB2数据库的服务属性中，找到启动类型下拉框，将当前的自动调整为手动。服务启动类型一般有：自动（延迟启动）、自动、手动、禁用四项。

完成DB2数据库服务启动项的设置

根据以上步骤，将所有DB2数据库的服务，全部都改成手动即可，这样在电脑 *** 作系统启动时，DB2数据库服务就不会启动了，这样就不会造成数据库启动时卡。db2数据库 db2数据库服务设置手动启动就为大家分享到这。db2数据库 db2数据库服务设置手动启动就为大家分享到这。

1、打开命令行窗口　#db2cmd2、打开控制中心　#db2cmddb2cc3、打开命令编辑器　db2cmddb2ce===== *** 作数据库命令=====4、启动数据库实例　#db2start5、停止数据库实例　#db2stop　如果你不能停止数据库由于激活的连接，在运行db2stop前执行db2forceapplicationall就可以了/db2stopforce6、创建数据库　#db2createdb[dbname]7、连接到数据库　#db2connectto[dbname]user[username]using[password]8、断开数据库连接　#db2connectreset9、列出所有数据库　#db2listdbdirectory10、列出所有激活的数据库　#db2listactivedatabases11、列出所有数据库配置　#db2getdbcfg12、删除数据库　#db2dropdatabase[dbname]（执行此 *** 作要小心）如果不能删除，断开所有数据库连接或者重启db2========= *** 作数据表命令==========13、列出所有用户表　#db2listtables14、列出所有系统表　#db2listtablesforsystem15、列出所有表　#db2listtablesforall16、列出系统表　#db2listtablesforsystem17、列出用户表　#db2listtablesforuser18、列出特定用户表　#db2listtablesforschema[user]19、创建一个与数据库中某个表(t2)结构相同的新表(t1)　#db2createtablet1liket220、将一个表t1的数据导入到另一个表t2#db2"insertintot1select*fromt2"21、查询表　#db2"select*fromtablenamewhere"22、显示表结构　#db2describetabletablename23、修改列　#db2altertable[tablename]altercolumn[columname]setdatatypevarchar(24)======脚本文件 *** 作命令=======24、执行脚本文件　#db2-tvfscripts.sql25、帮助命令*查看命令帮助　#db2?db2start*查看错误码信息#db2?22001*memo:详细命令请使用"db2?"进行查看。　=========================26、备份数据库#db2backupdb备注：执行以上命令之前需要断开数据库连接27、在线备份数据库#db2-v"BACKUPDATABASEONLINETOWITH2BUFFERSBUFFER1024INCLUDELOGSWITHOUTPROMPTING"28、恢复数据库#db2restoredb29、在线恢复数据库#db2"RESTOREDBTOLOGTARGETWITHOUTPROMPTING"#db2"ROLLFORWARDDBTOENDOFLOGSANDSTOP"30、导出数据文件#db2moveexport[-sn][-tn]31、导入数据文件#db2moveimport32、获取db2数据库管理配置环境信息#db2getdbmcfg33、.获取db2某个数据库数据库管理配置环境信息#db2getdbcfgfor或者：连接至某个数据库以后执行db2getdbcfg34、更改db2日志空间的大小备注：以下命令为了防止db2数据库过份使用硬盘空间而设，仅用于开发者自己机器上的db2，如果是服务器，则参数需要修改。#db2UPDATEDBCFGFORUSINGlogretainOFFlogprimary3logsecond2logfilsiz25600如果页大小是4KB，则以上命令创建3个100M的日志文件，占用300MB硬盘空间。25600*4KB=102400KB。35、创建临时表空间#DB2CREATEUSERTEMPORARYTABLESPACESTMASPACEPAGESIZE32KMANAGEDBYDATABASEUSING(FILE'D:\DB2_TAB\STMASPACE.F1'10000)EXTENTSIZE25636、获取数据库管理器的快照数据#db2–vgetsnapshotfordbm37、显示进行程号#db2listapplicationsshowdetail===================================================一、加载数据：1、以默认分隔符加载,默认为“,”号db2"importfrombtpoper.txtofdelinsertintobtpoper"2、以指定分隔符“|”加载db2"importfrombtpoper.txtofdelmodifiedbycoldel|insertintobtpoper"二、卸载数据：1、卸载一个表中全部数据db2"exporttobtpoper.txtofdelselect*frombtpoper"db2"exporttobtpoper.txtofdelmodifiedbycoldel|select*frombtpoper"2、带条件卸载一个表中数据db2"exporttobtpoper.txtofdelselect*frombtpoperwherebrhid='907020000'"db2"exporttocmmcode.txtofdelselect*fromcmmcodewherecodtp='01'"db2"exporttocmmcode.txtofdelmodifiedbycoldel|select*fromcmmcodewherecodtp='01'"三、查询数据结构及数据：db2"select*frombtpoper"db2"select*frombtpoperwherebrhid='907020000'andoprid='0001'"db2"selectoprid,oprnm,brhid,passwdfrombtpoper"四、删除表中数据：db2"deletefrombtpoper"db2"deletefrombtpoperwherebrhid='907020000'orbrhid='907010000'"五、修改表中数据：db2"updatesvmmstsetprtlines=0wherebrhid='907010000'andjobtp='02'"db2"updatesvmmstsetprtlines=0wherejobtp='02'orjobtp='03'"六、联接数据库db2connecttobtpdbs七、清除数据库联接db2connectreset断开数据库连接db2terminate断开数据库连接db2forceapplicationsall断开所有数据库连接八、备份数据库1、db2backupdbbtpdbs2、db2movebtpdbsexportdb2look-dbtpdbs-e-x[-a]-ocrttbl.sql九、恢复数据库1、db2restoredbbtpdbswithoutrollingforward2、db2-tvfcrtdb.sqlcrtdb.sql文件内容：createdbbtpdbson/db2catalogdb2-stvfcrttbl.sqldb2movebtpdbsimport十、DB2帮助命令：db2?db2?restroedb2?sqlcode(例：db2?sql0803)注：code必须为4位数，不够4位，前面补0十一、bind命令：将应用程序与数据库作一捆绑,每次恢复数据库后，建议都要做一次bind(1)db2bindbr8200.bnd(2)/btp/bin/bndall/btp/bnd/btp/bin/bndall/btp/tran/bnd十二、查看数据库参数：db2getdbmcfgdb2getdbcfgforbtpdbs十三、修改数据库参数：db2updatedbcfgforbtpdbsusingLOGBUFSZ20db2updatedbcfgforbtpdbsusingLOGFILSIZ5120改完后，应执行以下命令使其生效：db2stopdb2start补充：db2setschemabtp修改当前模式为"btp"db2listtablespacesshowdetail查看当前数据库表空间分配状况db2listtablespacecontainersfor2showdetail查看tablespaceid=2使用容器所在目录db2listapplicationdb2listdbdirectory列出所有数据库db2listactivedatabases列出所有活动的数据库db2listtablesforall列出当前数据库下所有的表db2listtablesforschemabtp列出当前数据库中schema为btp的表db2listtablespacesshowdetail显示数据库空间使用情况db2listpackagesforalldb2"importfromtab76.ixfofixfcommitcount5000insertintoachact"db2"createtableachact_tlikeachact"db2"renametableachact_ttoachact"db2"insertintoachact_tselect*fromachactwheretxndt>=(selectlstpgdtfromacmactwhereactno=achact.actno)"db2getsnapshotfordynaimicsqlonjining删除一个实例：#cd/usr/lpp/db2_07_01/instance#./db2idropInstName列出所有DB2实例：#cd/usr/lpp/db2_07_01/bin#./db2ilist为数据库建立编目$db2catalogdbbtpdbson/db2catalog取消已编目的数据库btpdbs$db2uncatalogdbbtpdbs查看版本#db2level显示当前数据库管理实例$db2getinstance设置实例系统启动时是否自动启动。$db2iauto-on自动启动$db2iauto-off不自动启动数据库优化命令：reorg、runstats当数据库经过一段时间使用，数据空间会变得越来越庞大。一些delete掉的数据仍存放在数据库中，占用数据空间，影响系统性能。因此需要定期运行reorg、runstats命令，清除已delete的数据，优化数据结构。db2reorgtable表名db2runstatsontable表名withdistributionandindexesall因为要优化的表比较多，所以在/btp/bin目录下提供了一个sh程序runsall，可在当天业务结束后，运行runsall，对数据库进行优化在DB2的开发过程中，贯穿整个开发过程还有很重要的一部分工作就是数据库的维护；对于维护一个庞大信息系统来说是非常必要的；留一份简易的维护手册，以备不时之需；以下收集到的部分维护命令，以飨我们的维护工程师和项目经理。=================================================================38、更改db2日志空间的大小备注：以下命令为了防止db2数据库过份使用硬盘空间而设，仅用于开发者自己机器上的db2，如果是服务器，则参数需要修改。#db2UPDATEDBCFGFORUSINGlogretainOFFlogprimary3logsecond2logfilsiz25600如果页大小是4KB，则以上命令创建3个100M的日志文件，占用300MB硬盘空间。25600*4KB=102400KB。39、创建临时表空间#DB2CREATEUSERTEMPORARYTABLESPACESTMASPACEPAGESIZE32KMANAGEDBYDATABASEUSING(FILE'D:\DB2_TAB\STMASPACE.F1'10000)EXTENTSIZE25640、创建表空间rem创建缓冲池空间8K#db2connecttogather#db2CREATEBUFFERPOOLSTMABMPIMMEDIATESIZE25000PAGESIZE8Krem创建表空间：STMArem必须确认路径正确remD:\DB2Container\Stma#db2droptablespacestma#db2CREATEREGULARTABLESPACESTMAPAGESIZE8KMANAGEDBYSYSTEMUSING('D:\DB2Container\Stma')EXTENTSIZE8OVERHEAD10.5PREFETCHSIZE8TRANSFERRATE0.14BUFFERPOOLSTMABMPDROPPEDTABLERECOVERYOFF#db2connectreset41、将暂挂的数据恢复到前滚状态#db2ROLLFORWARDDATABASETESTDBTOENDOFLOGSANDCOMPLETENORETRIEVE42、备份表空间#BACKUPDATABASEYNDCTABLESPACE(USERSPACE1)TO"D:\temp"WITH2BUFFERSBUFFER1024PARALLELISM1WITHOUTPROMPTING43、创建db2工具数据库#db2createtoolscatalogsystoolscreatenewdatabasetoolsdb44、如何进行增量/差量备份增量：上一次完整备份至本次备份之间增加的数据部分；差量(delta)：上次备份以来（可能是完整备份、增量备份或者差量备份）至本次备份之间增加的数据部分；45、更新所有表的统计信息#db2-vconnecttoDB_NAME#db2-v"selecttbname,nleaf,nlevels,stats_timefromsysibm.sysindexes"#db2-vreorgchkupdatestatisticsontableall#db2-v"selecttbname,nleaf,nlevels,stats_timefromsysibm.sysindexes"#db2-vterminate46、对一张表运行统计信息#db2-vrunstatsontableTAB_NAMEandindexesall47、查看是否对数据库执行了RUNSTATS#db2-v"selecttbname,nleaf,nlevels,stats_timefromsysibm.sysindexes"48、更改缓冲池的大小缓冲池中，当syscat.bufferpools的npages是-1时，由数据库的配置参数bufferpage控制缓冲池的大小。将npages的值更改为-1的命令：#db2-vconnecttoDB_NAME#db2-vselect*fromsyscat.bufferpools#db2-valterbufferpoolIBMDEFAULTBPsize-1#db2-vconnectreset#db2-vterminate更改数据库配置参数BufferPages的命令如下：#db2-vupdatedbcfgfordbnameusingBUFFPAGEbigger_value#db2-vterminate49、看数据库监视内容列表#db2-vgetmonitorswitches50、打开某个数据库监视内容#db2-vupdatemonitorswitchesusingbufferpoolon51、获取数据库快照#db2-vgetsnapshotforalldatabases>snap.out#db2-vgetsnapshotfordbm>>snap.out#db2-vgetsnapshotforallbufferpools>>snap.out#db2-vterminate52、重置数据库快照#db2-vresetmonitorall53、计算缓冲池命中率理想情况下缓冲池命中率在95%以上，计算公式如下：(1-((bufferpooldataphysicalreads+bufferpoolindexphysicalreads)/(bufferpooldatalogicalreads+poolindexlogicalreads)))*100%=========数据库实例========================54、创建db2实例#db2icrt55、删除db2实例#db2idrop56、设置当前db2实例#setdb2intance=db257、显示db2拥有的实例#db2ilist58、恢复离线增量备份数据库的命令#DB2RESTOREDATABASEYNDCINCREMENTALAUTOMATICFROMD:\backup\autobak\db2TAKENAT2006031423201559、创建样本数据库在unix平台，使用：#sqllib/bin/db2sampl在windows,os/2平台，使用：db2sample,e是可选参数，指定将创建数据库的驱动器60、设置联合数据库为可用（默认联合数据库不可用）#db2updatedbmcfgusingfederatedyes61、列出数据库中所有的表#db2listtables62、数据迁移方法1export脚本示例#db2connecttotestdbusertestpasswordtest#db2"exporttoaa1.ixfofixfselect*fromtable1"#db2"exporttoaa2.ixfofixfselect*fromtable2"#db2connectresetimport脚本示例#db2connecttotestdbusertestpasswordtest#db2"loadfromaa1.ixfofixfreplaceintotable1COPYNOwithoutprompting"#db2"loadfromaa2.ixfofixfreplaceintotable2COPYNOwithoutprompting"#db2connectreset

DB2数据库静态参数修改（归档模式和日志组数，都需要重启db）

DB2（21）

1、修改日志组数目

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$ db2 update db cfg using LOGPRIMARY 5

DB20000I The UPDATE DATABASE CONFIGURATION command completed successfully.

SQL1363W One or more of the parameters submitted for immediate modification

were not changed dynamically. For these configuration parameters, the database

must be shutdown and reactivated before the configuration parameter changes

become effective.

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$ ls -l /home/db2inst1/db2inst1/NODE0000/SQL00002/LOGSTREAM0000/

total 12312

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 06:45 S0000000.LOG

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 06:45 S0000001.LOG

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 06:45 S0000002.LOG

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$ db2 restart db aaa

DB20000I The RESTART DATABASE command completed successfully.

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$ ls -l /home/db2inst1/db2inst1/NODE0000/SQL00002/LOGSTREAM0000/

total 20532

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 06:45 S0000000.LOG

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 06:45 S0000001.LOG

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 06:45 S0000002.LOG

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 06:45 S0000003.LOG

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 06:45 S0000004.LOG

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$

小知识：

get db/dbm cfg 中的 show detail 选项可以看出参数值是否已经生效

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$ db2 update db cfg using LOGPRIMARY 6

DB20000I The UPDATE DATABASE CONFIGURATION command completed successfully.

SQL1363W One or more of the parameters submitted for immediate modification

were not changed dynamically. For these configuration parameters, the database

must be shutdown and reactivated before the configuration parameter changes

become effective.

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa show detail|grep -i primary

Number of primary log files (LOGPRIMARY) = 5 6（前面的是修改之前的原始值，后面的数字是修改之后的值，目前还未生效。简言之，前后数值不一致即说明参数更改未生效）

Percent max primary log space by transaction (MAX_LOG) = 0 0

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa |grep -i primary

Number of primary log files (LOGPRIMARY) = 6

Percent max primary log space by transaction (MAX_LOG) = 0

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$ db2 restart db aaa

DB20000I The RESTART DATABASE command completed successfully.

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$

[db2inst1@DB2test183 ~]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa |grep -i primary

Number of primary log files (LOGPRIMARY) = 6

Percent max primary log space by transaction (MAX_LOG) = 0

2、修改数据库归档模式

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa |grep -i logarchmeth1

First log archive method (LOGARCHMETH1) = OFF

Archive compression for logarchmeth1 (LOGARCHCOMPR1) = OFF

Options for logarchmeth1 (LOGARCHOPT1) =

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 update db cfg using LOGARCHMETH1 disk:/home/db2inst1/archivelog/aa

SQL5099N The value "/home/db2inst1/archivelog/aa" indicated by the database

configuration parameter "LOGARCHMETH1" is not valid, reason code "2".

SQLSTATE=08004

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 update db cfg for aaa using LOGARCHMETH1 disk:/home/db2inst1/archivelog/aaa

DB20000I The UPDATE DATABASE CONFIGURATION command completed successfully.

SQL1363W One or more of the parameters submitted for immediate modification

were not changed dynamically. For these configuration parameters, the database

must be shutdown and reactivated before the configuration parameter changes

become effective.

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa |grep -i logarchmeth1

First log archive method (LOGARCHMETH1) = DISK:/home/db2inst1/archivelog/aaa/

Archive compression for logarchmeth1 (LOGARCHCOMPR1) = OFF

Options for logarchmeth1 (LOGARCHOPT1) =

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa show detail |grep -i logarchmeth1

First log archive method (LOGARCHMETH1) = OFF DISK:/home/db2inst1/archivelog/aaa/

Archive compression for logarchmeth1 (LOGARCHCOMPR1) = OFF OFF

Options for logarchmeth1 (LOGARCHOPT1) =

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 archive log for aaa

SQL0104N An unexpected token "aaa" was found following "FOR". Expected

tokens may include: "DATABASE". SQLSTATE=42601

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 archive log databae aaa

SQL0104N An unexpected token "databae" was found following "LOG". Expected

tokens may include: "FOR". SQLSTATE=42601

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 archive log databae for aaa

SQL0104N An unexpected token "databae" was found following "LOG". Expected

tokens may include: "FOR". SQLSTATE=42601

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 restart db aaa

SQL1116N A connection to or activation of database "AAA" failed because the

database is in BACKUP PENDING state. SQLSTATE=57019

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa show detail |grep -i logarchmeth1

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa show detail |grep -i logarchmeth1

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa |grep -i logarchmeth1

First log archive method (LOGARCHMETH1) = DISK:/home/db2inst1/archivelog/aaa/

Archive compression for logarchmeth1 (LOGARCHCOMPR1) = OFF

Options for logarchmeth1 (LOGARCHOPT1) =

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa show detail |grep -i logarchmeth1

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa show detail |grep -i pri

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa show detail |grep -i log

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa show detail|grep -i primary

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa |grep -i log

Log retain for recovery status = NO

User exit for logging status = YES

Catalog cache size (4KB) (CATALOGCACHE_SZ) = 300

Log buffer size (4KB) (LOGBUFSZ) = 2149

Log file size (4KB) (LOGFILSIZ) = 1024

Number of primary log files (LOGPRIMARY) = 6

Number of secondary log files (LOGSECOND) = 3

Changed path to log files (NEWLOGPATH) =

Path to log files = /home/db2inst1/db2inst1/NODE0000/SQL00002/LOGSTREAM0000/

Overflow log path (OVERFLOWLOGPATH) =

Mirror log path (MIRRORLOGPATH) =

First active log file = S0000000.LOG

Block log on disk full (BLK_LOG_DSK_FUL) = NO

Block non logged operations (BLOCKNONLOGGED) = NO

Percent max primary log space by transaction (MAX_LOG) = 0

Num. of active log files for 1 active UOW(NUM_LOG_SPAN) = 0

Percent log file reclaimed before soft chckpt (SOFTMAX) = 0

HADR log write synchronization mode (HADR_SYNCMODE) = NEARSYNC

HADR spool log data limit (4KB) (HADR_SPOOL_LIMIT) = AUTOMATIC(0)

HADR log replay delay (seconds) (HADR_REPLAY_DELAY) = 0

First log archive method (LOGARCHMETH1) = DISK:/home/db2inst1/archivelog/aaa/

Archive compression for logarchmeth1 (LOGARCHCOMPR1) = OFF

Options for logarchmeth1 (LOGARCHOPT1) =

Second log archive method (LOGARCHMETH2) = OFF

Archive compression for logarchmeth2 (LOGARCHCOMPR2) = OFF

Options for logarchmeth2 (LOGARCHOPT2) =

Failover log archive path (FAILARCHPATH) =

Number of log archive retries on error (NUMARCHRETRY) = 5

Log archive retry Delay (secs) (ARCHRETRYDELAY) = 20

Log pages during index build (LOGINDEXBUILD) = OFF

Log DDL Statements (LOG_DDL_STMTS) = NO

Log Application Information (LOG_APPL_INFO) = NO

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ db2 get db cfg for aaa show detail |grep -i log

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ ls -l /home/db2inst1/db2inst1/NODE0000/SQL00002/LOGSTREAM0000/

total 24628

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 08:26 S0000000.LOG

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 08:26 S0000001.LOG

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 08:13 S0000002.LOG

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 08:13 S0000003.LOG

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 08:13 S0000004.LOG

-rw-------. 1 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4202496 Jan 16 08:13 S0000005.LOG

[db2inst1@DB2test183 aaa]$ ls -l /home/db2inst1/archivelog/aaa

total 4

drwxr-x---. 3 db2inst1 db2iadm1 4096 Jan 16 08:26 db2inst1

欢迎分享，转载请注明来源：内存溢出

原文地址:https://54852.com/sjk/6649111.html

怎么启动db2数据库

发表评论

评论列表（0条）