
原意在英语中指代物的第三人称单数。itKK:[]DJ:[]pron1(指已提及或心目中的人或事物)这,那,它。2(指无生命物、动植物、性别不详的幼孩等)它。3(作无人称动词的主语,表示时间、气候、距离等)。4(置于句首或句中,引导后面的短语或从句)。5(作为形式上的主语或宾语,用于表示强调的句型中)。6(用于某些动词、介词后面,词义含糊,构成习惯语)。n[U]1(捉迷藏等游戏的)捉人者,猜的人。2口(仅用于ginandit)意大利苦艾酒。3口关键,重要时刻。4口性感;性交。5笨蛋同义词thingn事件,形势;东西,事物;家伙;事业复数形式things 1、人称代词IT
IT一般指物不指人,但可指小孩、婴儿和团体等。IT用于成人,有轻蔑的含义。
For example: Would you like to marry Malcom Fancy being owned by that! Fancy seeing it every day!
2、指示代词IT
作为指示代词时,IT可以指人。
For example: Who is it?(是谁呀?)
3、非人称代词IT
(1)指时间
For example: I glanced at my watch It was earlier than I thought
(2)指距离
For example:
How far is it from your office to the bank
It was a long journey to that part of the country
(3)指天气等自然现象
For example:
Now it is clearing up, and a sparrow is beginning to chirp
It’s damp and cold I thingk it’s going to rain
4、IT用于前指或后指
(1)前指
For example:
---They lost the game
---Yes, so I hear Isn’t it a shame
(2) 后指
For example:
It’s seems so full of comfort and of strength, the night
Though no one knew it, it was the last time he would be present at the bank
注:代词it指代if或when等引导的状语从句时,既可前指,也可后指。
5、非确指的IT
有时,it所指代的是什么,要看上下文来确定。这种IT即所谓的非确指的it(Unspecified it)。
For example:
1How’s it going with you (你近况如何)
2Does it itch much (很痒痒吗)
3Where does it hurt (哪儿痛)
4Now you are in for it (你现在可倒霉了!)
5It says in the Bible: Thou shalt not steal (圣经上说:不许偷窃。)
6Hand it all, we can’t wait all day for him (见鬼!我们不能整天等他呀)
7We had a nice time of it (我们玩得很好。)
8There is nothing else for it but to stand (没有办法,只好忍受。)
9You never had it so good (日子过得从来没有这样好。)
10Take it easy (不要紧张。)
6、IT在习惯用语中
一些含有IT的习惯用语需要牢记,以下是一般对方都熟知的,无须要明确指出来。
For example:
1Cab it (乘车)
2brave it out (拼命干到底)
3walk it (步行)
4go it alone (单q匹马地干)
5beat it (走,滚)
6make it (办成功)
7come it (尽自己之分内事情)
8come it strong (做得过分)
9lord it over (欺压)
10take it (猜想,以为,断定;[口][常与 can, be able to 连用]忍受得住(痛苦、批评、困难, 嘲笑等))
11take it out of somebody (拿某人出气)
12have it out with somebody (与某人讲个明白)
13be hard put to it (在艰难之中)
14Is that it (你就要我做这些吗?= Is that all you wanted me for )
15You’re it (你是下一个)
7、引词IT
(1)IT用做引词
A形式主语
a真实主语为不定式
For example:
It was his duty to attend to the matter (处理那事是他的责任)
It was not within my power to answer the question (我无能力回答这个问题)
b真实主语为不定式复合结构
For example:
It is getting harder every day for a lazy man to get a living (懒汉谋生是日益困难了)
What time would it be most convenient for me to call again (何时我再给你打电话最合适)
It’s very good of you to have listened to me (感谢你,能听我讲)
It’s very thoughtful and kind of you to offer me this lovely holiday (您能给我这么美好的假日实在是想得太周到和太友善了)
c真实主语为动名词
For example:
It’s no use saying any more about what I think (我如何想的再说也没有用了)
Do you think it’s worth while quarrelling with me (你认为与我吵架值得吗)
d真实主语为动名词复合结构
For example:
It has been a great honor your coming to visit me (你的来访是我很大的荣幸)
It would have been so bad her overhearing (她如果偷听到那就糟糕了)
I’m afraid it vexes her my having brought Roly(我恐怕我带罗力来使她生气了)
e真实主语为主语从句
For example:
It seems that he is rich (看起来他很富有)
It doesn’t matter what you do(你干什么都没有关系)
It was clear enough what she meant(她的意思十分清楚)
He was an old man, and it did not matter much where he lived(他年事已高,在哪儿居住都无所谓)
It’ a pity he doesn’t swim (他不会游泳,真遗憾)
B形式宾语
a真实宾语为不定时
For example:
I find it easy enough to get on with Pam (我觉得与帕姆相处很容易)
I would think it worth while to go(我认为去是值得的)
He thought it best to be on his guard (他认为他最好还是要警惕)
He made it a rule to speak in Parliament at least once every session (他规定自己在议会每次开会时至少发言一次)
He felt it his duty to mention the fact to Mr Otis (他觉得把事实告诉奥蒂斯先生是他的职责)
b真实主语为动名词
For example:
You must find it exciting working here (你一定会发现在此工作是很令人兴奋的)
I think it very unwise going on as we are without definite agreement(我认为我们没有明确的协议就进行是不明智的)
He find it a great privation not being allowed to smoke there (他觉得在那里不能吸烟对他是一大痛苦)
注:以上例句皆可不用形式宾语,可改写为:
You must find working here exciting
I think going on as we are without definite agreement very unwise
He found not being allowed to smoke there a great privation
c真实宾语为宾语从句
For example:
I think it best that you should stay here (我认为你最好留在这里)
I used to feel it a terrible thing that my mother should have to toil so endlessly (我曾老觉得母亲不得不无休止地 *** 劳是一件可怕的事情)
I take it you have been out (我想你出去过了)
I took it for granted that you would stay with us (我认为你当然会留在我们这里的)
I have it on my conscience that I offended you (我心里老嘀咕着我得罪了你)
They kept it quiet that he was dead (对于他的死他们没有透露一丝口风。)
(2)引词IT用于强调结构中
①英语中常用的强调结构是:“It is (was)+被强调的部分(主语、宾语或状语)+ who(that)…”。一般说来,被强调部分指人时用who,指物时用that(但that亦可指人)。注意:强调结构在强调状语时,只可用that从句,不可用which。
For example: John wore his best suit to the dance last night(约翰昨晚他穿着他最好的一套衣服去参加舞会)
It was John who (that) wore his best suit to the dance last night
It was his best suit (that) John wore to the dance last night
It was last night (that) John wore his best suit to the dance
It was to the dance that John wore his best suit last night
②强调结构也可强调短语和从句(包括because,only when,who,whom,whose,that,which等引导的从句)。
For example:
I suspected it was on her orders that you were bringing him here(我怀疑你是遵照她的吩咐要把他带到这儿来的)
It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday (我昨天是由于想买一本字典而进城的。)
It is only when you nearly lose someone that you become fully conscious of how much you value them(只有你差一点失去某一个人时,你才会充分意识到你是多么珍视他们。)
It must be your mother who (whom, that) you are thinking of(你在想的一定是你的母亲。)
It was your brother to whom I offered a dollar for his knife yesterday(我昨天给了你兄弟1元钱买他的小刀。)
It is Uncle Bill whose address I lost(比尔叔叔的地址我丢了。)
It deserves attention that it is especially the verb to do which is often found in the active voice(应该注意, 特别是行为动词常用在主动语态中。)
③表语与宾语补语偶尔也可为被强调的部分。但通常情况下,表语一般不可用作被强调的部分。
For example:
It was a doctor that he eventually became(他最后成了一个医生)
It’s dark green that we’ve painted the kitchen(我们把厨房漆成了深绿色)
④强调结构的时态一般应该一致。但也有例外的例子。
For example:
It is not I who am angry(发怒的不是我。)
I was my two sisters who knew her best(是我的两个姐妹最了解他。)
I will not be you who will have to take the blame for this(对此受责难的将不是你。)
For exceptional example:
It is Miss Williams who enjoyed reading novels as a pastime (是威廉姆斯**以读小说来消遣。)
It is these very novels that Miss Williams enjoyed reading as a pastime(威廉姆斯**作为消遣所读的小说就是这些。)
⑤强调结构不但可以用于独立句中,也可以用在从句之中。
For example:
It deserves attention that it is especially the verb to do which is often found in the active voice(应该注意, 特别是行为动词常用在主动语态中。)
I suspected it was on her orders that you were bringing him here(我怀疑你是遵照她的吩咐要把他带到这儿来的)
He told me that it was liberation that brought about a complete change in his life (他告诉我是解放才使他的生活有了翻天覆地的变化。)
⑥强调结构中的that 与who在非正式文体中可以省略。有时还可以省去句首的It is (was)。
For example:
I suspected it was on her orders you were bringing him here(我怀疑你是遵照她的吩咐要把他带到这儿来的)
A good, honest trade you are learning, Sir Peter! (彼得爵士,你学得是一种很好而诚实的一行啊!)
⑦强调结构中的被强调部分有时可放在句首。
For example:
Now was it that his life was done, and the fate which he could not escape was upon him(就在这时,他的生命完结了,他所逃脱不了的命运降临了。)
⑧It is(was)之后可有一个以上的被强调部分。
For example:
It was she who was lying in the corridor and the stranger who bent over her “Did I faint” she asked(是她躺在过道上,是那个陌生人在俯视她。“我晕倒了吗?”她问道。)
在我们上学期间,是不是听到知识点,就立刻清醒了?知识点有时候特指教科书上或考试的知识。你知道哪些知识点是真正对我们有帮助的吗?以下是我为大家收集的关于六年级英语必考的十个知识点,欢迎阅读与收藏。
1、动词be(is,am,are)的用法
我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。
2this,that和it用法
(1)this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。
(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this,距离说话人远的人或物用that。如:Thisisaflower这是一朵花。(近处)
Thatisatree那是一棵树。(远处)
(3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this,后说that。如:
ThisisapenThatisapencil这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。
(4)向别人介绍某人时说Thisis…,不说Thatis…。如:
ThisisHelenHelen,thisisTom这是海伦,海伦,这是汤姆。
(5)Thisis不能缩写,而Thatis可以缩写。如:
ThisisabikeThat’sacar这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。
(6)打电话时,介绍自己用this,询问对方用that。如:
-Hello!IsthatMissGreen喂,是格林**吗
-Yes,thisisWho’sthat是的,我是,你是谁
注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:Iam…,Areyou…/Whoareyou
(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时,要用it代替this或that。如:
①-Isthisanotebook这是笔记本吗
-Yes,itis是的,它是。
②-What’sthat那是什么
-It’sakite是只风筝。
3these和those用法
this,that,these和those是指示代词,these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。
①ThisismybedThatisLily’sbed这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
②Thesepicturesaregood那些画很好。
③Arethoseappletrees那些是苹果树吗
在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时,通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如:
④Arethese/thoseyourapples这些(那些)是你的苹果吗
Yes,theyare是的,他们是。
4名词+’s所有格
单数名词后直接加“’s”:
Jim’scoat吉姆的'外套Jeff’smother杰夫的妈妈
以s结尾的复数名词,只加“’”
Teachers’Day教师节thetwins’books双胞胎的书
不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数,加“’s”
Children’sDay儿童节men’sshoes男式鞋
表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加’s
LucyandLily’smother露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈,一个妈妈)
表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加’s
Lucy’sandKate’srooms露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)
5Therebe句型
(1)Therebe句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。”其基本结构为“Therebe+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词,be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记therebe句型结构:
Therebe放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。如:
Thereisabookonthedesk
有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:
Onthedeskthereisabook
(2)Therebe句型中的be动词如何确定呢请先看看下面这首歌诀:
Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“Therebe”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:
①Thereisatreebehindthehouse
②Thereissomewater(水)inthebottle(瓶子)
③Therearesomepearsinthebox
(3)注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如:
①Thereisabookandsomepensonthefloor
②Therearesomepensandabookonthefloor
6like一词的用法
like用作及物动词,译为“喜欢”。
(1)后接名词或代词,表示喜欢某人或某物。如:
Ilikethebabyverymuch我非常喜欢这个小孩。
(2)后接动名词(v-ing),表示“喜欢做某事”,着重于习惯、爱好。如:
Tomlikesplayingfootball汤姆喜欢踢足球。
(3)后接动词不定式(todo),表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”,着重于某次具体的行为。如:
Ilikereading,butIliketowatchTVthisevening我喜欢读书,但我今晚想看电视。
7句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素
(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we,you→you,she,he,it→they。
如:Sheisagirl→Theyaregirls
(2)am,is要变为are。如:
I’mastudent→Wearestudents
(3)不定冠词a,an要去掉。如:
Heisaboy→Theyareboys
(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如:
Itisanapple→Theyareapples
(5)指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如:
Thisisabox→Theseareboxes
8英语日期的表示法
英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词。
用英语表示日期,其顺序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如:August2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如:10thMay,2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,则用介词in,若具体到某一天,则需用介词on。
9时间的表达法
(1)直读式,即直接读出时间数字
7:05sevenfive8:16eightsixteen
(2)过、差式,即几点差几分,几点过几分。(以30分为分界线)
1:25twenty-fivepastone2:30halfpasttwo
3:43seventeentofour4:38twenty-twotofive
(3)12小时制
6:00am上午6点8:20pm下午8点20分
(4)24小时制
13:0013点钟22:1522点15分
(5)15分可用quarter
4:15aquarterpastfour5:45aquartertosix
(6)时间前通常用at
at5o’clockat7:30pm
10want用法
(1)想干什么用wanttodosth
Theywanttojointhesportsclub他们想加入运动俱乐部。
(2)第三人称单数作主语,want要作变化
①Hewantstoplaybasketball
②LiXiawantstoplaythepiano
(3)变疑问句,否定句要借助助动词do或does
①-Doyouwanttoplaysoccerball-Yes,Ido/No,Idon’t
②-Doeshewanttogohomebybus-Yes,hedoes/No,hedoesn’t
六年级英语期末知识点
人称代词和物主代词
1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别:主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前(有时候位于than之后),宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别:形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名词性则单独使用,后面不带名词。
人称代词物主代词
主格宾格形容词性名词性
我Ime我的mymine
你,你们youyou你的,你们的youryours
他hehim他的hishis
他hehim他的hishis
她sheher她的herhers
它itit它的itsits
我们weus我们的ourours
他(她,它)们theythem他(她,它)们的theirtheirs
these,those,they指的是主语是复数,意思分别是“这些(指物),那些(指物),他们(指人)”
而this
,that
,it
指的是主语是单数,意思是“这个,那个,它”
都可以指物和人。指物时要有特定的语境,比如打电话时
at,打电话给我。
call
英 [kɔːl] 美 [kɔːl]
vt 呼叫;打电话;把 称为;n 打电话;访问;召唤;呼叫;把 看作;vi 呼叫;(短暂的)拜访
She thinks she can call me at all hours of the day and night
她以为她可以不分昼夜随时给我打电话。
用法:
1、call充当宾语补足语的名词除专指某人外,一般都用冠词。call偶尔也可接由动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。call接复合宾语时,如宾语为动词不定式或动名词,而其补足语为形容词或名词时,则须以it置于宾语位置上充当形式宾语,而把真正的宾语置于其补足语之后。
2、call和at〔on〕连用可表示短暂的拜访,多用于仅有社会关系或公共关系者,也可用于至爱亲朋。
3、call可用于被动结构,其过去分词常可用作形容词,在句中作后置定语。
it was mother用法
在英语中,我们常用It is/was… who/that结构来突出强调句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主语,宾语或状语)。在这个句型中,it没有词汇意义,只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词,用who或that来连接都可以。如果是其它成分,则一律用that来连接。例如:It was my mother who taught me the meaning of honesty
Who was it?It was my mother刚才是谁(敲门)?是我的母亲。
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