小学英语26个字母及其组合的发音

看我的，给你发一套片段

★ 附：常见的字母与字母组合发音规则

（I） 元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则

● 元音字母的发音

（一） 元音字母a

1 重读开音节 [ei] paper ; late ; make ; lake ; face

2 重读闭音节 [æ] bag ; fat ; cat ; ladder ; mass

（例外：any一些[e] ;many许多[e]）

3 非重读音节 [ə]或[i]

即：[ə]—— ago ; along ; among ; above ; aloud

[i]—— comrade ; village ; manager ； palace ; private ；necklace

连续相同的辅音（字母），一般只发一个音，而且归属

后一个音节段。如上的ladder,village

4在字母w或wh后面 ，发[ɔ] was ; wash ; what ; want ;

(例外：water水[ɔ:])

5a在诸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath组合里,重读时均发[a:]

即：dance ;France ; chance

ask ;mask ;task ;basket

class ;grass ;glass ;pass ;——（例外：mass[æ]）

fast ;cast ;past ;last ;master ;

father ;path ;bath ;——(例外：maths[æ])

(二)元音字母e

1重读开音节 [i:] me ;he ;she ;these ;evening

2重读闭音节 [e] hen ;get ; set ;tell ; echo

3非重读音节 [i] useless ;ticket ;basket ;pocket ;before ;below ;

（三）元音字母i或y

1重读开音节 [ai] China ; try ; my ; hi ; time ; guide ;

2重读闭音节 [i] sit ; hit ; ill ; little ; system ;

3非重读音节 [i] unit ;study

(四)元音字母o

1重读开音节 [əu] no ; so ; go ; home ; photo ;

2重读闭音节 [ɔ] not ; hot ; box ; fox ; cock ; cost ;

3非重读音节 [ə] purpose ; concern

4o在字母m,n,v或th之前，均发[ʌ]

son ; month ; come ; ton ; (例外：Tom[ɔ])

love ; dove ; glove ; above ; another

mother ; brother ; become ; some

5两个单词：woman[‘wu-mən]女人（单数） ; women[‘wi-min]女人（复数）

（五）元音字母u

1重读开音节 [ju:] pupil ; student ; use ; cube

2重读闭音节 [ʌ]或[u]

即：[ʌ]——cut ; luck ; umbrella ; us

[u]——put ; full ; pull

4 非重读音节 [ə] autumn ;August ; support

●元音字母组合的拼读规则

（一）元音字母a的字母组合

1ai或ay在重读音节中 [ei] rain ; train ; brain ; pain

day ; may ; play ; stay ; lay

ay在非重读音里[i]或[ei] Sunday ; Monday ; Tuesday ; Thursday ; Friday

2al+绝大多数辅音字母 [ɔ:] small ; wall ; call ; talk ; walk ；chalk

或[ɔ: l] also ; always

al后面是k时，只发[ɔ:]

al+f或m时，al发[a:] half ; calm

-al在词尾非重读[（ə）l] medal ; metal ; (例外canal运河，重音在后[æl])

3-ance在重读时[a: ns] chance ; dance ; France

在非重读时[əns] importance ；performance ；ambulance

4-ant非重读[ənt] assistant ; important ；peasant

5-ange一般[eindʒ] change ; danger ; strange ;(但orange [indʒ])

6-age 一般[idʒ] village ; carriage ; marriage

7-ask一般重读时[a: sk] ask ; mask ; task ;basket

8-ass一般重读时[a: s] class ; glass ; grass ; pass ; (但mass[æ])

9-ast一般重读时[a: st] last ; past ; fast ; cast

-aste一般[eist] waste ; paste ; taste

10-ath一般[a: θ] bath ; path ; (但maths[æθ])

或[a: ð] father ; rather ; (但gather[æð])

11-au一般[ɔ:] cause ; autumn ;August ; (但because[ɔ])

-augh(t) [ɔ: (t)] caught ; taught ; daughter

(例外：laugh[l a: f])

12-aw [ɔ:] draw ; saw ; law ; awful

13a在字母w或wh后面，a发[ɔ]

was ; wash ; want ; what ; (但water[ɔ:])

14-ar 重读音时[a:] party ; car ; farm ; army ; yard ; hard ; star

在字母w或音[w]后面时 [ɔ:] war ; warm ; warn ;towards ; quarter

在非重读音时[-ə] beggar ; dollar ; solar

15-are一般[-εə] hare ; bare ; dare ; stare ; rare ; care ; parent

16-air一般[-εə] chair ; fair ; hair ; pair ; stair ; repair

17-able 一般[eibl] able ; cable ; table ; stable

(二)元音字母e的组合

1-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下列：

-ea[i:] team ; meat ; lead ; teach ; read ; mean ; please ; steal

-ea[e] threat ; bread ; meant ; read(过去式和过去分词) ; peasant

-ea[iə] real ; really

-ea[ei] great ; break

2-ee[i:] feel ; week ; keep ; three ; steel ; street ; sweep ; see

但是一个例外：coffee[i]

3-eer[iə] deer ; pioneer ; engineer ; volunteer

4-er重读音节[ə:] her ; term ; service ; Germany

非重读[ə] worker ; paper ; western ; teacher

特殊读法[a:] clerk

5-ere [iə] here ; mere

-ere 或者发[εə] there ; where

6-ear 有三种音，分别是：

-ear [iə] ear ; dear ; near ; clear ; tear (n) ; beard

-ear [ə:] early ; earth ; learn ; heard

-ear [a:] heart

tear作为动词时，发[εə]

7-ei [ei] eight ; weigh ; weight

-ei [ai] height

-ei [i:] receive

8-ey重读[ei] they ; hey ; survey

-ey重读[i:] key

-ey非重读[i] monkey ; donkey ; valley ; volleyball

-et非重读[it] pocket ; ticket ; rocket

9-ew 一般[ju:] new ; few ; knew

-ew 或者发[u:] grew ; threw

-ew还可以发[əu] sew

10-ege [idʒ] college

11-est [i s t] biggest ; modest ; happiest;

12词尾的-ed在浊音后[d] lived ; studied

-ed在清音后[t] worked ; finished

-ed在字母t或d后[id] wanted ; needed

（三）元音字母i或y的组合

1-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音字母前，发[i:] field ; piece ; achieve

-ie在词尾[ai] lie ; die ; tie

2-igh(t)在重读音节[ai(t)] high ; night ; light ; bright

3-ir在重读音节[ə:] girl ; firm ; circle ; first ; third

4-ire在重读音节[‘aiə] fire ; tired ; hire ; retired ; wire

5-ild [aild] child ; wild

6-ind [aind] find ; kind ; mind ; wind ; (但window[ind])

7-ing [iŋ] king ; wing ; sing ; doing ; making

8-(a)tion [(ei) ʃn] nation ; pronunciation ; information ；composition

-stion [tʃn] question

-sion [ʃn]或[ʒn] mission使命 ; precision精密

9-ye在词尾[ai] good-bye ; bye-bye

10-ist[i s t] list ; fist ;

(四)元音字母o的组合

1-oa在重音时[əu] boat ; coat ; road ; goat ; toad

-oar在重音时[ɔ:] blackboard ; aboard

2-oi，-oy在重音时[ɔi] boiler ; point ; join ; oil

boy ; toy ; joy ; loyal

3-oo一般[u:] soon ; too ; zoo ; room ; noon ; food ; mood ; boot ; moon

单词room和其他名词构成合成词时，常发短音。如classroom[u]…等等。

在字母k或有时在t，d之前时[u] cook ; look ; book ; took ; foot ; good ；

4-or在重音时[ɔ:] for ; horse ; important ; morning ; born

-or在字母w后面[ə:] work ; word ; world ; worse ; worth

(但是wore ,worn例外，均发[ɔ:])

-or在非重音时[ə] monitor ; doctor ; professor ; forget ;

forwards ; forgive ; conductor

5-oar一般[ɔ:] board ; aboard; blackboard

6-oor一般[ɔ:]或在美式英语里发[ɔ ə] door ; floor

-oor 还发[uə] poor

7-ore在重音时[ɔ:] snore ; more ; before ; foreign; forest

8-ou一般[au] shout ; loud ; round ; found

-ou还发[ʌ] country ; countryside ；trouble ；couple ; rough

-ou 还发[u:] wound ; wounded

9-ough(t)发[ɔ:( t)] ought ; brought ; bought ; fought ; thought

(例外：cough[k ɔ f] ; rough[rʌf])

10-oe[əu] toe ; hoe ; Joe

11-old[əu l d] old ; hold ; cold ; told

12-ost[əu s t] post ; most ; host ; ghost (例外cost[ɔ s t])

13-our在重音时[au] sour ; our ; hour ;

还发[ɔ:] four ; course ; pour

还发[uə] tour ; gourd

-our 在词尾(非重音)[ ə] colour ; neighbour ; favourite

14-ow在重音时[au] now ; cow ; down ; how ; town

-ow在重音或非重音中[əu] low ; yellow ; below ; follow ; grow

tomorrow ; window ; widow ; know ; show

（五）元音字母u的组合

1-u在字母ll或sh之前，或者在字母b,p或f之后，均发[u]

如：full ; bull ; pull ; push ; bush

字母l,r或j+u构成的开音节，u发[u:] rule ; true ; blue ; June

2-ue在词尾[ju:] argue ; continue

3-ui在字母j或r后面时，发[u:] fruit ; juice

-ui在字母b或g后面，或者紧接重音节后面的一个音节时发[i]

如： build ; guilty ; biscuit

(即就是说字母u不发音)

4-ur在重音时[ə:] turn ; return ; Thursday ; nurse ; purse

在非重音时[ə] surprise ; Saturday

-ure在重音时[(j) uə] pure[juə] ; manure[juə] ; sure[uə]

- ture发[tʃə] picture ; future ; mixture

(II) ●辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则

辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些是特殊的,下面试列举如下:

1b在一般情况下[b] back ； big ; lab ; brother

b和u在一起，u常发[i] building； build ； busy

-bt一般[t] debt ; doubt

2c在字母e,i或y前面时[s] city ; Bruce ; juice ; bicycle ；face ; central

c在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[k] cup ; cold ; cattle ; duck ;

bicycle ; cap ; cut ; class ;

c在词尾时也发[k]，但后面有e，那还发[s] gymnastic[k] ; music[k]

grace[s] ; Bruce[s]

-cc在元音字母a,o,u和辅音字母之前[k] occasion ; according ; occupy ; acclaim

在元音字母e和i之前[ks] accent ; success

-ci有时发[ʃ] social

-ch 有三种音[tʃ][ k]或[ʃ] 如下：

[tʃ] China ; rich ; chick ; chalk

[k] school ; chemist ; chemistry ; chemical ; ache ; technology

[ʃ] machine ; parachute ; moustache

-tch[tʃ] catch ; match ; fetch ; hatch ; butcher

-ck[k] duck ; luck ; ticket ; pocket ; black ; cock

3d在一般情况下[d] did ; made ; desk ; duck ; doubt ; damage

-ds发[dz] birds ; hands

dr在元音字母前[dr] dry ; dress ; driver ; drill

-dge一般[dʒ] bridge ; fridge ; judge ; edge

4f在一般情况下[f] five ; flag ; life ; leaf

5g在字母e,i或y前面[dʒ] large ; general ; gymnastics ; age ; energy

例外：give ; forgive ; get ; forget等,g都发[g]

在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[g] goat ; game ; guard ; ghost ; glass

在词尾也发[g] big ; egg ; fig ; flag

-gn[n]，即g不发音 foreign ; sign ; gnaw

-gh发[f]或[-](既不发音) [-] high ; thought ; light ; brought

[f] laugh ; cough

-dge发[dʒ] bridge ; knowledge ; judge

gue-,gua-和gui-在词首时一般u都不发音 guess ; guest ; guard ; guide

而-gue在词尾发[g] league ; colleague

6h在一般情况下[h] help ; behave ; hello ; hit ; hurry

h在字母r或x后面不发音 rhino ; exhibition

7j在一般情况下[dʒ] joy ; judge ; injure ; journey ; January ; jar ; just

8k在一般情况下[k] king ; milk ; kick ; kiss ; lock ; knock

k后面是n时，k不发音,即kn发[n] knock ; knee ; know ; knowledge ; knife

9l在元音字母前发[l](即“勒”音，供参考) light ；look ; let ; lab ; live

l在辅音字母或词尾时发[l](即“尔”音，供参考) cold ；sell ; chalk

10m在一般情况下[m] meet ; meat ; mother ; come ; make ; Tom

m后面是b时,b不发音,即-mb发[m] comb ; tomb ; climb ; bomber

11n在一般情况下[n] in ; now ; next ; ton ; nest

n在m后面时，n常不发音,即-mn发[m] autumn ; column

但后面有后缀或构成合成词，则n还要发音的 autumnal ; columnist

-ng常发[ŋ]或[ŋg] 发[ŋ] sing ; king ; English ;young

发 [ŋg] finger ；younger ; language

-nk常发[ŋk] bank ; sink ; sank ; sunk ; ink ; thank

12p在一般情况下[p] map ; cap ; people ; pest

-ph[f] photo ; phantom ; philosophy ; physics ; phrase

13que在一般情况下[k] unique ; cheque

qu一般发[k w] quarter ; quick ; quilt ; quiet ; quite ; queen

14r在元音字母前才发音[r](即音同“略”供参考) room ；read ; rest ; around

r在辅音字母或词尾前，一般不发音 car ; star ; jar

rh在元音字母前只发[r] rhyme ; rhino ; rhetoric

15s在词首和词尾、清辅音之前或之后,或者在词尾同时在短元音之后，一般发[s]

如：see ; some ; set ; sister ; works ; lips ; newspaper ; yes ; this

注：一条发音习惯，欧美人在发[s]音后面的清辅音（主要是爆破音[p][t][k]和破擦音[tr]）时，习惯上把该清辅音发成相对应的浊辅音 （而书写音标的时候，还是写成清辅音），试举例如下：

如：school---音标[s k u: l]，而习惯念成[s g u: l]

street---音标[s tr i: t],而习惯念成[s dr i: t]

stubborn---音标[‘s t ʌ b n],而习惯念成[‘s d ʌ b n]

student---音标[‘s t j u: d ə n t],而习惯念成[‘s d j u: d ə n t]

space---音标[s p ei s],而习惯念成[s b ei s]

steal---音标[s t i: l],而习惯念成[s d i: l]

就是这样，像这样的单词还有很多。这里只列举这么多了。

s在两个元音之间或者在浊辅音和元音之间时，发[z]

如：these ; nose ; lose ; rise ; wisdom ; observe

词尾的s在浊辅音或元音之后（即在浊音之后），发[z]

如：pigs ; plays ; flags ; eggs ; toys ; boys

词尾的s在长元音之后，发[z] hers ; yours

s还可以发[ʃ] sure ; Russia

-sh一般发[ʃ] sheep ; ship ; wish ; show ; shift ; fish

-sch一般情况下[s k] school ; scheme(计划)

-sion一般情况下[ʃ n] tension ; succession

在元音字母后[ʒ n] decision ; conclusion

-sure在元音字母后[ʒ ə] measure ; pleasure

16t在一般情况下[t] tooth ； cat ; teach ; tool ; hit

cut ; let ; ten ; table ; taste ;

-th一般发[θ]或[ð],即发[θ] thin ; tooth ; youth ; think ; thigh

发[ð] that ; with ; this ; these ; those

-tr[tr] try ; trust ; trip ; trouble ; tree ; street

-tion[ʃ n]information ; organization ; pronunciation ; production

(一个例外：question[tʃ n])

-ture[tʃ ə] picture ; mixture ; future

17v在一般情况下[v] very ; live ; vehicle ; vase ; valley ; village

18w在元音字母之前[w] wear ; window ; widow ; week ; weak ; wisdom

wr[r] write ; wrong ; wrist ; written

wh[h] who ; whom ; whose ; whole

wh[w] what ; which ; when ; where ; why

aw[ɔ:] draw ; saw ; law ; lawyer ; awful

ew[j u:] few ; threw ; grew ; knew ; new

ow[əu] own ; owner ; low ; slow ; know ; below

ow[au] now ; cow ; crown

19x在一般情况下[ks] box ; fox ; next ; textile

位于元音字母之前且重音落在后一个音节上时，发[gz] exam ; exist ; anxiety

20y在元音字母之前[j] you ; youth ; yes ; young

21z在一般情况下[z] zoo ; quiz ; zebra ; zero ; zipper

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母 读 音 例 词

a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back

e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese

在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg

i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite

在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim

o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no

在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock

u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母       读 音 例 词

a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass

fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high

o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母 读 音 例 词

a [E]E China another woman breakfast

orange comrade village cabbage

e [E] hundred student open weekend

chicken pocket begin children

i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal

[ai] exercise satellite

o [E] second tonight somebody welcome

[Eu] also zero photo

u [E] autumn difficult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate

u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February

issue

在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作音。

四、-r音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

元音字母组合 读 音 例 词

arar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener

[C:] warm quarter towards

oror在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short

[E:] word worker worse

er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry

hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

英语字母发音规则

要想学好英语口语,应该学一些语音知识,以下是我总结的一些有关语音的知识,

1 元音:

[i：] [i] [A] [e] [[：] [[] [a：] [Q] [R：] [R] [U：] [U]

[ei] [ai] [aU] [EU] [Ri] [i[] [Z[] [UE]

1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie

three tree green sheep meet beef see seek

eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please

he she me

piece receive ceiling

2) [i] 发音字母 i y e

sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss

myth many twenty happy dictionary

defect decide delicious

3) [] 发音字母 a

bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man

4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a

head bread pleasure

elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes

many any

5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur or

girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird

turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger

learn earn earth heard

term her nerd serve

work worm work world

6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u

teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder

doctor actor mayor author tractor

delicious gracious pleasure

familiar collar dollar

together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china

men listen

famulus Saturday

7) [a:] 字母组合 ar a

car farm card arm garden

fast class last glass plant aunt calm

8) [] 发音字母 u o ou oo

up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus

come mother dose brother love above

trouble rough flourish

blood flood

9) []字母组合 al or au our ar aw

small wall talk tall hall ball call walk

short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store

author caught autumn

four mourn court bought

warm quarrel quarter

draw saw flaw

10) [] 发音字母 o a

hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not

want wash

11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u

food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth

shoe do two

true truth blue full

12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u o

look good foot book

should could

put full bull pull push

woman wolf

13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey

name cake late gate plane April

play say may way

great break

rain paint plain

they grey

14) [ai] 发音字母 i y

bike fine find die nine light night high

my try fly eye

15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow

house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse

flower down now cow how town

16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa

home cold go no phone host ghost

know low below grow blow show flow

boat coat goal

17) [] 字母组合oy oi

boy toy joy

oil soil voice choice

18) [iε] 字母组合 eer

beer deer ear idea near here fierce

19) [] 字母组合ear air

pear bear chair air fair care there where

20) [uε] hour tour poor flower shower

2 容易混淆的元音

[A] [e]

bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said

[i：] [ei]

real rail greet great mean main read raid

[e] [ai]

bet bite red write said side head hide

[aU] [R：]

house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn

[aU] [Q]

found fond down done gown gone town ton

3辅音

1)

pen pear play pig pour pull push

2) [b] book big boot bike bread break

3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city

4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary

5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)

card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)

fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)

school schedule schema (字母组合ch)

6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language

7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb

8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean

9) [N] uncle bank English think thank junk

sing king morning evening

10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black

world cold could goal soul

11) [r] read red right run room write

12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife

cough laugh rough physic photo phone

13) [v] very evening even every voice vest

of

14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)

license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)

licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)

15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap

close nose hose suppose pause those whose

16) [W] think thank three thirty tooth mouth

17) [T] that this those these though

18) [F] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash

nation attention station

social special

sure

19) [V] pleasure

20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who

21) [w] when what where window wind wood

22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow

23) [tF] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch）

catch watch match （字母组合tch)

24) [dV] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge

joy enjoy join July June junk

25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk

26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink

27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts

28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods

4容易混淆的辅音

[v] [w]

vest west vet wet vine wine very well

[s] [W]

sink think mass math miss myth sort sought

[z] [T]

close cloth breeze breathe

[n] [N]

thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing

5 字母，组合音节发音规律

1）a [ei] [æ] [[] [a:] [R]

late private grade bake grape nation station page

active hand bank fan parent family glad flag

accept about above formative machine cinema

fast last glass class past father

wash what watch want

2）e [i:] [e] [i] [[] 不发音

appreciate extremely secret she me he

letter left message generate pebble

decide pretty previous result restore

problem prosperous student confident

active table late wife store lecture

3）i [ai] [i]

high price library ice cream wife size line

fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit

4）o [[J] [J:] [Q] [[] [R]

lode host cold note okay old home

lose do who whose prove

love some other mother honey company

today tomorrow together control collect

lost hot mock office soft honest

5）u [ju] [u] [Q] [[]

university refuse unique universe huge

put push pull full bull

but brush bucket duck bubble

support suggest

6）c [k] [s]

country camp camera courage cable

city ceiling celebrate cell cease

7）g [g] [dV] [N]

girl grade glass glade bag flag

village vegetable bridge gentleman gym

long song sing morning evening

8) l [l] 读音不同

listen learn language collect English gorilla

world cold soil tall sell cool animal

9) n [n] [N]

moon night noodle number

uncle hungry angry young

10) r [r] [[](美语发音)

right read write grade progress

card board door floor form north

11）y [j] [i] [ai]

yellow year yell young yolk

university country pretty happy

dyke dying fly buy by my

12）ar [a:] [[] [R:]

farm card garden mark

dollar

warm quarrel quarter

13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [i[]

cease season breathe feature meat please

bread breast breath meadow weather

great break

idea realize

14) ear [[:] [i[]

learn earth earn heard

hear near clear ear fear

15) er [[:] [[] [i[]

deserve serve her person

teacher driver anger singer

serious experience mysterious fierce

16） ere [i[] [Z[]

here mere fere sere

there

17) ir [[:] [ai]

shirt girl skirt

admire desire

18) oo [u:] [u] [Q] [R:]

room tool cool moon noon goof food

good foot stood wood wool cook wood book

blood flood

door floor

19) or [ R:] [[:] [[]

short form corn born for

work world worm word worst

tractor doctor actor sector senior senator

20) oor [ R:] [J[]

door floor

moor poor boor

21) our [J[] [R:]

hour tour flour bourn lour

pour court four mourn

22) ou [au] [Q] [[]

house mouth mouse sound found

enough trouble touch

delicious gracious prosperous

23) ow [[J] [au]

window meadow know show low

now town how down cow

24) se [z] [s]

nose suppose gose lose pose rose

mouse house

25) th [W] [T]

thank think thought cloth

clothes that this then than

26) sion [F[n] [V[n]

propulsion tension progression passion

protrusion provision conclusion television

27) tion [F[n] [ tF[n](不常见)

station nation translation attention

question

6关于语音的几个概念:

Phonics 是一种(方法), 是教育学习者从字母排列中去拼读出单个字来

AHD表示美语发音,The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language（简称AHD）

KK音标是一套(注音符号系统),是由John Samuel Kenyon 和 John Albert Knott两位美国学者共同编著的发音词典A Pronouncing Dictionary of American1956中用于标注美式发音的符号系统, 这是一套最常用的也是最权威的注音法，从此人们把美语标准发音惯称为KK音标。

DJ是根据英国学者Daniel Jones编的英语发音字典 (English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963)中的标音而来

英式读音根据的是English Pronouncing Dictionary 《英语正音辞典》。它们代表了被称为“Received Pronuciation”（RP）（标准读音）的读音，这在受过教育的英国人尤其是南部英格兰人中通用。

1888年国际语音协会 (International Phonetic Association) 的语言学家便制定出一套可国际通用的语音符号叫国际音标符号 (IPA—International Phonetic Alphabet)，希望以一个符号代表一音，并避免各人使用一套自己的符号所产生的不便。

国内的英文字典里最常见的音标为英式发音的国际音标 (DJ) 和美式发音的KK音标，前者乃根据Daniel Jones编的英语发音字典 (English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963)，后者则是根据John S Kenyon & Thomas A Knott二氏的美语发音字典 (A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English, 1956)。值得一提的是，KK音标所使用的符号均从前面提到的国际音标符号 (IPA) 而来，Kenyon & Knott二氏仅将其中适用于美式英语的符号截取出来。

音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素

音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位

元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分英语中有20个元音 辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音

开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine

2)辅音+元音 he hi go no do be tree three hello

闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head

2)元音+辅音 it is of in on up out ant

重读音节词尾的字母组合oo发音素[u:]的音。如:too(太;也),zoo(动物园),room(房间)等

; II 在辅音字母f, l, m, n, s前的字母组合oo也发音素[u:]的音。如:roof(屋顶),sch

ool(学校),soon(不久),goose(鹅)等有一个特例词要特别注意,它就是:wool[u](羊毛);

III 在字母t前的字母组合oo发音素[u:]的音。如:boot(靴子),tooth(牙齿),特例词:foot[

u](脚); IV 字母组合oo在字母d和k前发音素[u]的音。如:good(好),book(书),look(看)

,特例词:food[u:](食物); V 在复合词的非重读音节中的字母组合oo发音素[u]的音。如

:bedroom(卧室),classroom(教室)等; VI 在字母l和d之间的字母组合oo发音素[]的音。

如:blood(血),flood(洪水)等 [笨笨猪]谢谢你讲得这么详细,你能为我归纳出一个巧记

方法吗 [聪明猴]Let me try!(我试试看!)可以这样记: oo读长还是短,记住口诀就简

单。 d, k之前读短[u],food一词是特例; t前读长[u:],foot需要特殊记; 复合词中

要读短,其余多数读长[u:]; l, s, d间读作[],例外还要特殊记

英语字母组合发音规律（集合）

1．开音节

1）以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。例：be，he。

2）以辅音字母（r 除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节。例：make，like。

在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。

2．闭音节

以一个或几个辅音字母（r 除外）结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节，

称为闭音节。例：map，desk，is。

在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。

字母a，e，i，o，u 在重读音节中的读法

字母名称位置读音举例

a /ei/ 开音节 /ei/ name，take

闭音节 // map，bag

e /i:/ 开音节 /i:/ be，he

闭音节 /e/ egg，best

i /ai/

开音节 /ai/ like，kite

闭音节 /i/ bit，fit

o /ou/

开音节 /əu/ note，no

闭音节 // dog，lot

u /ju:/

开音节 /ju:/ mute，use

闭音节 // bus，cut

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母读音例词

a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back

e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese

在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg

i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite

在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim

o 在开音节中 [əu] those close go hoe home no

在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock

u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母读音例词

a在[w]音后面 [C]want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high

o在-st -ld前 [ou] mostpostcard old cold

o在m n v th前 [∧] comemonkey love mother

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母读音例词

a [E]E China another woman breakfast

orange comrade village cabbage

e [E] hundred student open weekend

chicken pocket begin children

i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal

[ai] exercise satellite

o [E] second tonight somebody welcome

[Eu] also zero photo

u [E] autumn difficult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate

u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u( ]音，例如：Julyinfluence February issue

在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作音。

四、-r音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

元音字母组合读音例词

arar在[w]音后面 [α:]car farm dark sharpener

[C:] warm quarter towards

oror在[w]音后面 [C:]forty morning short

[E:] word worker worse

er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如：dollarteacher martyr forget Saturday

五、-re音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

元音字母组合读音例词

are [εE] care dare hare

ere [iE] here mere

ire [aiE] fire hire wire

ore [C:] more score before

ure [juE] pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如：picture pleasure

重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph

六、元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

元音字母组合读音例词

ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play

air [εE] air hair chair pair repair

alal在f m前 [C] smallball talk wall all

[C:l] always also salt almost

[α:] half calm

au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw

ea [i:] teach easy cheap please

[e] heavy bread sweater weather

[ei] break great

ear [iE] hear dear near clear year

[εE] bear pear wear swear

[E:] earth learn early

ee [i:] jeep week green three

eer [iE] pioneer deer beer

ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they

[i:] either key

eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] newfew newspaper

[u:] flew brew jewelry

ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive

oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor

oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet

oo [u:] broom food tooth school

book look cook foot good

ou/ow [au] flower house count down

[ou] know row throw though

[∧] young country enough

[u:] group you soup

our [C:] course your four

[auE] our hour ours

[E:] journey

ui在j l r s后 [ju:i]fluid suicide tuition

[u:] juice fruit suit

七、非重读音节中元音字母组合和字群的读音

元音字母组合或字群读音例词

ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey

ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee

-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation

-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion

-tion在s后 [tFEn]question suggestion

-sten [sn] listen

-stle [sl] whistle

-sure [VE] pleasure measure

-ture [tFE] picture culture

八、元音字母组合在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字母组合仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如： everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]

有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如： sun太阳 +day[ei]日子＞ Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子＞ holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒＞ breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜

九、辅音字母组合的读音

辅音字母组合读音例词

b bike bus bag

[/] bomb tomb

cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music

[s] face decide cinema

ch [tF] much chick rich teacher

[k] school headache chemistry

[F] machine

-ck [k] cock pocket black knock

d [d] doctor bread hand day

-dge [dV] bridge fridge

dr- [dr] children driver drink

f [f] five four breakfast

gg在e i/y前 [^] baggarden go

[dV] orange large German

gh [f] cough enough

[/] light daughter high

gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue

[^w] language anguish

h [h] hot head house hand

[/] hour honest

j [dV] jeep jar joke join July

k [k] kind bike skate make week

kn- [n] knife know knock

l [l] life milk school tall

m [m] monkey come autumn

-mn [m] autumn column solemn

nn在[k] [g]音前 [n]not shine ten note

[N] uncle thank hungry

-ng [N] morning young wrong

p [p] paper plane pig ship pen

ph [f] elephant photo telephone

q [k] Iraq

qu- [kw] quality quite

r [r] red rubber ruler

s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk

[z] music husband

sc- [sk] scarlet

[s] muscle science

sh [F] she fish shirt wash

t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] tenletter meet

[F] patient nation

tch [tF] watch

th在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thinthirty method

[T] the these with than

[T] clothe fathe r weather

tr- [tr] tree train country truck

v [v] very voice love leave

w [w] week win wake sweet wait

[/] Answer two

wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] whatwhen white why

[h] who whose whole

x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise

[gz] example exist exact

wr- [r] write

y- [j] yes yard yellow young

z [z] puzzle zero zoo

26个字母发音规律a /ei/ name cake table /æ/ apple cat map am/α: / want dance

/o/ what watch

b /b/ book big bag box

c /k/ cat cake cup clock car

/s/ face nice pencil books

d /d/ desk doll dog dad

e /i:/ he she meet me

/e/ elephant egg bed pen

f /f/ fine friend fly foot fan

g /ɡ/ gun glass glad glove

/dз / age orangeh /h/ hat he house handi /ai / fine bike five ice/i/ is sit miss pig picture

j / dз / jeep jam jacket jar

k /k/ kite cake black thank

l /l/ leg left ruler flag lamp

/l/ apple bowl tell old

m/m/ am map my mouth milk

n /n/ no know new hand

o /əu / old home nose coke

/o/ dog not clock box

/Λ / son month mother love

p /p/ map jeep pig pen appleq /kw / quite quilt quickr /r/ red radio brother rackets /s/ sit miss this smile books

/z/ nose those rose rulers

t /t/ it sit not that table little

u /ju: / use usually excuse

/Λ / bus us sun duck

/ u / put pull push

v /v / five vase very seven

w /w/ we window watch want

x /ks / box six fox

y /ai / my fly why bye / j / yes yellow / i / happy baby veryz / z / zoo zero

元音组合

ai /ei/ wait paint

ay /ei/ may play day say

air /εə / air hair chair

al /o: / tall small ball

ar /α: / farther farm car arm

ea /i:/ meat please tea read /e/ head bread ready / iə / theaterear / iə / ear hear near

/ εə / bear

/ ə: / earth

ee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeep

eir / εə / their

er / ə / worker teacher

/ ə: / her

ere /i ə / here

/εə / where there

ew /ju: / new few /u: / flew grewight /ai / right high brightir /ə: / bird girl shirt thirty

oa /əu / boat coat

ong /oŋ / long song

oo /u/ book foot good

/u:/ moon balloon

or / : / short fork port

/ə: / word world work

oor /o: / door floor

ore /o:/ more store sore

ou / au / out house mouthour /o: / four your /auə / ourow/ əu / bowl window

/au / now cow flower

oy /oi/ boy toy

ur / ə: / turn

辅音组合

th /θ/ thank mouth

/ δ/ this that with

tr /tr/ tree train truckdr /dr/ dress driver sh /∫/ shirt wash shortch /t∫/ child chair catch

/ k / school Christmas

/ dз/ sandwich

tw /tw/ two twin twenty

wh /w/ white wheel what

/h/ who whose whom

ts /ts/ jackets kites

ds /dz/ birds friends

x: 这个字母跟f,l,m,n,s,z一样同属限音/e/一族，什么叫限音/e/呢，就是这些字母的读音都含有/e/,限音的意思就是这些字母在组成单词的时候，发音要去掉/e/，比如x这个字母的发音是/eks/，那么在它组合单词的时候，发间就变成了/ks/。同样的，其它几个限音/e/一族也遵循着这个规律。（当然有时会有浊化音的产生，比如说s的读音为/es/，在单词中有时会读成/s/，有时则会浊化为/z/）。

c: 这个字母大家很熟悉，它在单词中大多发/k/和/s/两种音，在这里我要说的是，c这个字母在a,ou的前面多发/k/，在e,i,y前多发/s/。

下面介绍一个很有用的发音组合就是：元音+辅音+不发音的e。

这个规则的意思有两点：1、当一个组合是由元音+辅音+字母e组合的时候，那么这个字母e在其中不发音。2、在这个组合中，元音字母通常都读字母的本身音。如:use,excuse等。

m: 这个字母多发两个音，由于音标是一样的，所以在这里没法对两个读音作区分，那么在这里只需记住一个单词就可以清楚的了解在什么情况下m这个字母发何种音，这个单词就是mum，很简单，m在元音前和在元音后所发的音是不一样的。

y: 这个字母号称半元音。它在组合单词的时候一共有三种发音，分别是/j/,/ai/,/i/。当y在词首的时候，它发/j/，如yes,yard,yet等。当y存在于词中和词尾的时候又分为两种情况：1、当单词中没有元音的时候，y发/ai/，如my,fly2、在单词中已经含有元音的时候，y发音为/i/,如family,sorry

ar: 这个是比较常见的字母组合，它在单词中通常都发音为/a:/,如,car,pardon

以上就是关于字母组合是指几个元音字母或几个辅音字母放在一起只读一个音现象 al ar are air ea ee ear ir全部的内容，包括:字母组合是指几个元音字母或几个辅音字母放在一起只读一个音现象 al ar are air ea ee ear ir、英文字母组合发音规则、小学英语26个字母及其组合的发音等相关内容解答，如果想了解更多相关内容，可以关注我们，你们的支持是我们更新的动力！