英语中it有哪些用法？

it

it

[It; it]

代名词

1 [第三人称单数中性主格] 它,它

2 [第三人称单数中性受格]

a [直接受词] 它,它

I saw ~

我看到它

I gave it him

我把它给了他

b [间接受词] 它,它

I gave it food

我给它食物

c [介系词受词]

I gave food to it

我给它食物

3

Go and see who it is

去看看是谁

It's me (

口语)是我

It says, "Keep to the left"

它 [标示] 写著「靠左边走”

It says in the Bible that

圣经上说…

It says in the papers that

报纸上说…

4 a

It is impossible to master English in a month or two

要在一两个月内精通英文是不可能的

It will be difficult for him to come so early

要他来得那么早是有困难的

It's kind of you to give me a present

你真好,送我礼物

It is no use trying

试也白试

It isn't certain whether we shall succeed

我们是否会成功还很难说

It is strange that he says so

他这样说真奇怪

It is said that the universe is infinite

据说宇宙是无限的

b [作形式上的受词,以代表后述实际主词的不定词片语、动名词片语、that 子句等]

I make it a point to get up early

我强调要早起

They considered it impossible for us to attack during the night

他们认为我们不可能在夜间攻击

You will find it very nice taking a walk early in the morning

你会发现在清晨散步很好

I think it necessary that you (should) do it at once

我认为你必须立刻做那件事

I take it (that) you wish to marry her

我以为你想和她结婚

c

It is a nuisance, this delay

这样拖延真受不了

5 [作非人称动词 (impersonal verb) 的主词]

a [天气、气候的冷暖]

It is raining

正在下雨

It is getting hot

天气渐渐变热

It looks like snow

好像要下雪的样子

b [时间、日期]

It will soon be New Year

快要新年了

It is Friday (today)

今天是星期五

How long does it take from here to the park

从这里到公园要多久

It takes time to get used to new shoes

穿惯新鞋需要时间

c [距离]

It is 2 miles to the station

到车站 (距离) 有两哩

d [明暗]

How dark it is !

好暗啊, [事情、情况] !

How goes it with you today

你今天觉得怎样

Had it not been for you, what would I have done

要不是有你 (的帮助) ,我真不知该怎么办呢

f 作 seem [appear,happen,etc] that 的主词

It seems (that) he has failed

看来他已经失败了

It happened (that) he was not present

碰巧他没有出席

6(口语)

a [作某种动词无意义的形式上受词]

Let's walk it

我们走路去

Damn it (all)!

该死!糟了!

You'll catch it from your father

你会挨你父亲的骂

Give it (to) him!

教训他一顿!

→ Go it

b

If we miss the bus, we'll have to foot it

如果我们赶不上公共汽车,我们只好走路

cab it (

美)坐计程车去

lord it

→lord vt

king it

→ king vt

queen it

→queen vt 2

c [作介系词的无意义、形式上之受词]

I had a good time of it

我玩得很愉快

Let's make a night of it

让我们痛饮一晚吧

7 [在 "it is[was] that [who,whom,which,etc] "的句型中用以强调句子主词, (动词或介系词的) 受词,副词片语]

It is I that [who] am to blame

该受责备的是我

It is the price that frightens him

使他吓一跳的是那价钱

It was Franklin who wrote "God helps them that help themselves"

写“天助自助者”这句话的人是富兰克林

It was Mary (that) we saw

我们看到的是玛丽

It was peace that they fought for

他们作战为的是和平

It was in this year that the war broke out

战争就是在这一年爆发的

It was beer (that) you drank, not water = It was beer, not water, (that) you drank

你喝的是啤酒,不是水

have had it →have v

have what it takes →what pron

If it had not been for →if

If it were not for → if

it

[It; it]

《Italian vermouth 之略》

不可数名词

(英口语)! (甜味的) 义大利的苦艾酒

gin and it

杜松子酒与甜苦艾酒的混合酒

it

[It; it]

《it 的转借》

不可数名词

1 ! (捉迷藏等游戏的) 鬼

2 (口语)

a 极致,理想 (the ideal)

In that blue dress she was ~

她穿上那件蓝色衣服美极了

As a Christmas gift, this is really it

当作耶诞礼物,这是最理想的东西

b 重要人物,第一号人物,头号人物

Among physicists he is it

在物理学家中他是佼佼者

3 (俚)性的魅力,性感 (sex appeal)

That's it

(1) (问题) 就在那里

(2)就像那样,那样就可以

That's it for today

今天到此为止 (就此结束)

(3)那样就结束,那就是全部

This is it

(口语)终于到了时候 [紧要关头] ; 果然不出所料

with it

(1)不落伍的,时髦的,现代化的

(2)领悟力强的; 精明的,机警的; 知内情的

get with it

赶上时代,顺应新潮流; 警觉,留神

it的用法

(1)it作无人称代词：it作无人称代词表示自然现象、气候、时间、距离等it是形式主语没有词汇意义如： 1)It is very cold today．(气候) 2)It is three o'clock．(时间) 3)It is along way from here．(距离)

(2)it作人称代词：it作人称代词时,用来代替上下文中提到的事或物,有时可代替整个句子的内容

(3)his(was)+形容词十不定式(to do),it为形式主语,不定式短语为真正主语 (过去分词)

(4)his+{形容词}+that(what,how,whether．．．),it为形式主语,that引导的为主语从句 (名词)

(5)It+不及物谓语动词+that引导的主语从句这些动词有：seem,appear,turn out,follow,happen等

(6)It may well be that引导的主语从句

(7)it作形式宾语： 1)某些及物动词+it+形容词十不定式； 2)某些及物动词+it+形容词+that 在上述两种句型中,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式短语,或that引导的宾语从句

(8)it用于强调句型： It is(was)十被强调的成分+that(which,who) 强调句型是简单句,可以用来强调句中主语、宾语和状语,但不能强调定语和谓语在这种句型中把his．．．that去掉,句子仍成立 代词在句中分析与翻译的

在中学英语中，常用 it 替代句子。现对此作一分析和归纳，供同学们学习时参考。

一 it 充当形式主语时，可将真正的主语从句置于句末。

A 谓语动词是被动形式时，常用 it 替代主语从句。例如：

It hasn't been decided whether the meeting will be held

这个会议是否召开，尚未定下来。

B 主句是疑问句或感叹句时，则必须用形式主语 it 替代主语从句。例如：

Is it necessary that she'll come？

她有必要来吗？

How strange it is that the children are so quiet！

孩子们如此安静，真奇怪！

C it 作为形式主语，常出现在下列结构中：

1 It +be+ 形容词＋主语从句。例如：

It's possible that we'll be a little late

我们可能会晚一点儿到。

It was most likely that one third of them lost their lives

他们当中很可能有三分之一的人丧生。

2 It +be ＋分词＋主语从句。例如：

It's surprising that there are so many unhappy marriages

有这么多婚姻不美满，真是令人吃惊。

It is suggested that the task （ should ） be finished in a week's time

有人建议在一周内完成这项任务。

3 It +be+ 名词（短语）＋主语从句。例如：

It's a pity that he isn't here

真遗憾，他没有在这里。

It's a question where we can find this material

我们在哪儿能找到这种材料还是个问题。

4 It + 不及物动词＋主语从句。例如：

It doesn't matter when they'll be back

他们什么时候回来无关紧要。

It happened （ so happened ） that he met his teacher in the street

碰巧他在街上遇到了他的老师。

It seems / appears that someone is knocking at the door

似乎有人在敲门。

二 it 充当形式宾语时，真正的宾语要后置。

A 在 think， make， find， believe， feel， consider， hear 等动词后面跟复合宾语（宾语＋宾语补足语）时，要用 it 作其中的形式宾语。例如：

We think it necessary that you will help him

我们认为你很有必要帮助他。

I felt it a surprise that they were all unfriendly to me

我感到惊奇的是，他们对我都不友好。

注意：若此类动词后面没有形容词或名词作宾语补足语，则一般不用 it 作形式宾语。如不可说： We consider it that you will go there

B like， enjoy， love， hate 等表示“喜怒哀乐”的动词后面跟宾语从句时，可用 it 作形式宾语，而宾语从句要紧跟在 it 之后。例如：

I love it when you sing

我喜欢听你唱歌。

I hate it when she speaks of me

我讨厌她说我。

C 由动词和介词（除 except， but 外）构成的 think of， answer for， depend on， rely on， see to 等短语动词后面，常用 it 作形式宾语，然后再接 that 引导的宾语从句。例如：

I will answer for it that he is honest

我可以担保他是诚实的。

You may depend on it that he will come in time

你可以相信他会及时来到。

三 it 作形式主语时指主句所表示的内容。例如：

1 If it is possible， hold up the part of the body which is bleeding[!--empirenewspage--]

如有可能，就把流血的身体部位抬高。

句中的 it 是指主句 hold up the part of the body which is bleeding if 后面的 it is 常可省略。

2 I would like to see him as soon as it is possible

我想尽快见到他。

此句中只能用形容词 possible ，而不能用副词 possibly 因为 as soon as possible 是 as soon as it is possible 的省略形式。

3 I can discuss the matter with you now， if it is necessary

如有必要，我现在就可以和你讨论此事。

此句中的 if necessary = if it is necessary

四 用 it 指代一个分句乃至整个句子。例如：

1 Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder， but it didn't help

汤姆的妈妈喋喋不休地告诉他应该努力学习，但却无济于事。

2 He is over seventy， but doesn't look like it

他已经七十多岁了，可是看起来却不像那么大。

3 John is trying to finish writing his book this month， but he won't find it easy

约翰想在这个月把书写完，不过他会发现这并不容易。

4 I've broken the mirror It can't be helped

我把镜子打破了，这是无法补救的。

5 They won the match after three hours' struggle It wasn't easy， though

他们经过三个小时的拼搏赢得了这场比赛。不过，这是来之不易的。

注意：代替整个句子的 it ，不能用在 know ， remember， try， tell， forget 等动词之后。例如：

1 － The meeting has been put off

－ Yes， I know （不说： Yes， I know it ）

2 － Remember what he told you

－ I'll remember （不说： Yes， I'll remember it ）

3 － Be sure to tell him the news

－ I won't forget （不说： I won't forget it ）

it做人称代词，可以指代事物，动物，婴儿，未知的人或者未知的事；it也可以作指代前文提到的事物，比如：It this your pen ？Yes，it is

It作主语的句型

1It takes sb some time to do sth

2It's (about/high)time that…should+动词原形/一般过去时

3It is the + 序数词 +time …+现在完成时

4It was+段时间+before…

原意在英语中指代物的第三人称单数。itKK:[]DJ:[]pron1（指已提及或心目中的人或事物）这，那，它。2（指无生命物、动植物、性别不详的幼孩等）它。3（作无人称动词的主语，表示时间、气候、距离等）。4（置于句首或句中，引导后面的短语或从句）。5（作为形式上的主语或宾语，用于表示强调的句型中）。6（用于某些动词、介词后面，词义含糊，构成习惯语）。n[U]1（捉迷藏等游戏的）捉人者，猜的人。2口（仅用于ginandit）意大利苦艾酒。3口关键，重要时刻。4口性感；性交。5笨蛋同义词thingn事件，形势；东西，事物；家伙；事业复数形式things 1、人称代词IT

IT一般指物不指人，但可指小孩、婴儿和团体等。IT用于成人，有轻蔑的含义。

For example: Would you like to marry Malcom Fancy being owned by that! Fancy seeing it every day!

2、指示代词IT

作为指示代词时，IT可以指人。

For example: Who is it？（是谁呀？）

3、非人称代词IT

(1)指时间

For example: I glanced at my watch It was earlier than I thought

(2)指距离

For example:

How far is it from your office to the bank

It was a long journey to that part of the country

(3)指天气等自然现象

For example:

Now it is clearing up, and a sparrow is beginning to chirp

It’s damp and cold I thingk it’s going to rain

4、IT用于前指或后指

(1)前指

For example:

---They lost the game

---Yes, so I hear Isn’t it a shame

(2) 后指

For example:

It’s seems so full of comfort and of strength, the night

Though no one knew it, it was the last time he would be present at the bank

注：代词it指代if或when等引导的状语从句时，既可前指，也可后指。

5、非确指的IT

有时，it所指代的是什么，要看上下文来确定。这种IT即所谓的非确指的it（Unspecified it）。

For example:

1How’s it going with you (你近况如何)

2Does it itch much (很痒痒吗)

3Where does it hurt (哪儿痛)

4Now you are in for it (你现在可倒霉了!)

5It says in the Bible: Thou shalt not steal (圣经上说:不许偷窃。)

6Hand it all, we can’t wait all day for him (见鬼!我们不能整天等他呀)

7We had a nice time of it (我们玩得很好。)

8There is nothing else for it but to stand (没有办法，只好忍受。)

9You never had it so good (日子过得从来没有这样好。)

10Take it easy (不要紧张。)

6、IT在习惯用语中

一些含有IT的习惯用语需要牢记，以下是一般对方都熟知的，无须要明确指出来。

For example:

1Cab it (乘车)

2brave it out (拼命干到底)

3walk it (步行)

4go it alone (单q匹马地干)

5beat it (走，滚)

6make it (办成功)

7come it (尽自己之分内事情)

8come it strong (做得过分)

9lord it over (欺压)

10take it (猜想，以为，断定；[口][常与 can, be able to 连用]忍受得住(痛苦、批评、困难, 嘲笑等))

11take it out of somebody (拿某人出气)

12have it out with somebody (与某人讲个明白)

13be hard put to it (在艰难之中)

14Is that it (你就要我做这些吗？= Is that all you wanted me for )

15You’re it (你是下一个)

7、引词IT

（1）IT用做引词

A形式主语

a真实主语为不定式

For example:

It was his duty to attend to the matter (处理那事是他的责任)

It was not within my power to answer the question (我无能力回答这个问题)

b真实主语为不定式复合结构

For example:

It is getting harder every day for a lazy man to get a living (懒汉谋生是日益困难了)

What time would it be most convenient for me to call again (何时我再给你打电话最合适)

It’s very good of you to have listened to me (感谢你,能听我讲)

It’s very thoughtful and kind of you to offer me this lovely holiday (您能给我这么美好的假日实在是想得太周到和太友善了)

c真实主语为动名词

For example:

It’s no use saying any more about what I think (我如何想的再说也没有用了)

Do you think it’s worth while quarrelling with me (你认为与我吵架值得吗)

d真实主语为动名词复合结构

For example:

It has been a great honor your coming to visit me (你的来访是我很大的荣幸)

It would have been so bad her overhearing (她如果偷听到那就糟糕了)

I’m afraid it vexes her my having brought Roly(我恐怕我带罗力来使她生气了)

e真实主语为主语从句

For example:

It seems that he is rich (看起来他很富有)

It doesn’t matter what you do（你干什么都没有关系）

It was clear enough what she meant（她的意思十分清楚）

He was an old man, and it did not matter much where he lived（他年事已高，在哪儿居住都无所谓）

It’ a pity he doesn’t swim (他不会游泳，真遗憾)

B形式宾语

a真实宾语为不定时

For example:

I find it easy enough to get on with Pam (我觉得与帕姆相处很容易)

I would think it worth while to go（我认为去是值得的）

He thought it best to be on his guard (他认为他最好还是要警惕)

He made it a rule to speak in Parliament at least once every session (他规定自己在议会每次开会时至少发言一次)

He felt it his duty to mention the fact to Mr Otis (他觉得把事实告诉奥蒂斯先生是他的职责)

b真实主语为动名词

For example:

You must find it exciting working here (你一定会发现在此工作是很令人兴奋的)

I think it very unwise going on as we are without definite agreement（我认为我们没有明确的协议就进行是不明智的）

He find it a great privation not being allowed to smoke there (他觉得在那里不能吸烟对他是一大痛苦)

注：以上例句皆可不用形式宾语，可改写为：

You must find working here exciting

I think going on as we are without definite agreement very unwise

He found not being allowed to smoke there a great privation

c真实宾语为宾语从句

For example:

I think it best that you should stay here (我认为你最好留在这里)

I used to feel it a terrible thing that my mother should have to toil so endlessly （我曾老觉得母亲不得不无休止地 *** 劳是一件可怕的事情）

I take it you have been out (我想你出去过了)

I took it for granted that you would stay with us (我认为你当然会留在我们这里的)

I have it on my conscience that I offended you (我心里老嘀咕着我得罪了你)

They kept it quiet that he was dead (对于他的死他们没有透露一丝口风。)

（2）引词IT用于强调结构中

①英语中常用的强调结构是：“It is （was）+被强调的部分（主语、宾语或状语）+ who（that）…”。一般说来，被强调部分指人时用who，指物时用that（但that亦可指人）。注意：强调结构在强调状语时，只可用that从句，不可用which。

For example: John wore his best suit to the dance last night（约翰昨晚他穿着他最好的一套衣服去参加舞会）

It was John who (that) wore his best suit to the dance last night

It was his best suit (that) John wore to the dance last night

It was last night (that) John wore his best suit to the dance

It was to the dance that John wore his best suit last night

②强调结构也可强调短语和从句(包括because，only when，who，whom，whose，that，which等引导的从句)。

For example:

I suspected it was on her orders that you were bringing him here（我怀疑你是遵照她的吩咐要把他带到这儿来的）

It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday (我昨天是由于想买一本字典而进城的。)

It is only when you nearly lose someone that you become fully conscious of how much you value them（只有你差一点失去某一个人时，你才会充分意识到你是多么珍视他们。）

It must be your mother who (whom, that) you are thinking of（你在想的一定是你的母亲。）

It was your brother to whom I offered a dollar for his knife yesterday（我昨天给了你兄弟1元钱买他的小刀。）

It is Uncle Bill whose address I lost（比尔叔叔的地址我丢了。）

It deserves attention that it is especially the verb to do which is often found in the active voice（应该注意, 特别是行为动词常用在主动语态中。）

③表语与宾语补语偶尔也可为被强调的部分。但通常情况下，表语一般不可用作被强调的部分。

For example:

It was a doctor that he eventually became（他最后成了一个医生）

It’s dark green that we’ve painted the kitchen（我们把厨房漆成了深绿色）

④强调结构的时态一般应该一致。但也有例外的例子。

For example:

It is not I who am angry（发怒的不是我。）

I was my two sisters who knew her best（是我的两个姐妹最了解他。）

I will not be you who will have to take the blame for this（对此受责难的将不是你。）

For exceptional example:

It is Miss Williams who enjoyed reading novels as a pastime (是威廉姆斯**以读小说来消遣。)

It is these very novels that Miss Williams enjoyed reading as a pastime（威廉姆斯**作为消遣所读的小说就是这些。）

⑤强调结构不但可以用于独立句中，也可以用在从句之中。

For example:

It deserves attention that it is especially the verb to do which is often found in the active voice（应该注意, 特别是行为动词常用在主动语态中。）

I suspected it was on her orders that you were bringing him here（我怀疑你是遵照她的吩咐要把他带到这儿来的）

He told me that it was liberation that brought about a complete change in his life （他告诉我是解放才使他的生活有了翻天覆地的变化。）

⑥强调结构中的that 与who在非正式文体中可以省略。有时还可以省去句首的It is （was）。

For example:

I suspected it was on her orders you were bringing him here（我怀疑你是遵照她的吩咐要把他带到这儿来的）

A good, honest trade you are learning, Sir Peter! （彼得爵士，你学得是一种很好而诚实的一行啊！）

⑦强调结构中的被强调部分有时可放在句首。

For example:

Now was it that his life was done, and the fate which he could not escape was upon him（就在这时，他的生命完结了，他所逃脱不了的命运降临了。）

⑧It is（was）之后可有一个以上的被强调部分。

For example:

It was she who was lying in the corridor and the stranger who bent over her “Did I faint” she asked（是她躺在过道上，是那个陌生人在俯视她。“我晕倒了吗？”她问道。）

“It” 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年考试的热点，因此在复习中应给予足够的重视。现将it用法归纳如下：

一、It用作实词

表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象。

二、It用作形式主语

替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

It 作形式主语的常见句型：1 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为（1）It be adj (for sb) to do sth

（2）It be adj of sb to do sth

（3）It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型：

It’s no good/use doing…

It’s (well)worth doing…

It’s (well)worth one’s while doing/to do It’s (well)worth while doing/ to do

2 It替代作主语的从句常见句型

（1）It is + noun +从句

（2）It is adj +clause

It’s surprising that… (should)………竟然……

It’s a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然…

（3）It verb sb + clause= It is v-ing + clause

It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb that…

（4）It verb (to sb) that…= sb/sth verb to do

(verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out)

（5）It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do

(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know）

四、It 作形式宾语

用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

It 作形式宾语的常见句型：

1 verb+ it+ adj/noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)

五、强调句型

It is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)… 强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。

在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点：

1 请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句

2 在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句。

3 在强调not … until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上。

4 注意强调句型与定语从句的区别。

六、It 常用的固定搭配

1 make it

(1)在口语当中相当于succeed,表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达 。

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