如何应对中美职场差异

电子相关的行业利好。

1、物联网方向

当前正处在5G通信落地应用的初期，由于5G的通信标准在很大程度上支持了物联网的发展，所以5G时代也被认为是物联网时代，而且物联网作为产业互联网的重要基础，在产业结构升级的大背景下，物联网领域必然会受到更多的关注，相关的创新、创业机会也会更多。

2、IT行业

IT行业可谓是当今的朝阳行业，年轻、高薪、外表光鲜，这是大众对于该行业的整体认知。如今的软件开发语言可谓是百花齐放、百家争鸣，Java、c++、python、php等等语言日新月异，软件行业一直展现出蓬勃生机。一个有着不断迭代升级的行业必然是不会被淘汰的王牌行业。

Education System in ChinaIn China, children begin to go to school at the age of seven It takes six years for them to finish primary school In this stage, they are taught elementary knowledge in language and science, which lays the foundation for their further educationAfter primary school, they go to junior middle school without having to pass any exams Education at this levol is pvlsory It lasts for three years, during which the children learn basie Chinese English, Mathematics, Physicsand ChemistryWhen the junior middle school education es to an end, the students are screened by exams in o ways those who expect to go to college may choose to enter senior middle school and those who want to work attend professional schools, The senior middle school education takes 3 years and the professional school2 to 3 yearsThe senior middle school graduates have to take petitive exams before they enter college The college education lasts 4 to 6 years For a bachelor degree, students take the four year course and pass the defense of thier theses The master degree students have another o years of study and research work and are given their degree after the defense of their thesesSuch is the education system in China

中国

在中国，上班时间就是上班时间，固定朝九晚五（每个公司具体不一样，晚上经常不能保证下班时间），周一到周五。个别人性化的公司可以选择上下班时间，比如早上8:30到下午4:30等。(如果碰上了，请大家珍惜！）

美国

美国人相当Free Style（开玩笑啦，其实是很Flexible）。

比如，很多公司的上班时间相对灵活，可以早来早走，晚来晚走。我有同事早上6:30来上班，下午3:30下班，因为家里住的实在太远，要避开高峰期。（当然一般早上10点到下午3点属于员工都应该在的Core时段）。

因为美国人更看重的是get it done：工作在规定时间内干完干得漂亮最重要，具体几点到公司并不是关键。另外，美国人也注重工作和生活的平衡，工作生活同样重要！

有的员工会选择每天工作10小时，这样4天就可以完成40小时的工作，每周就有一天叫Flex Day，不用上班。很多有娃的家长特别喜欢这样做。

当我第一次听说多数美国公司都允许员工Work from home时，小编惊呆了！

还是因为那句话，美国人看重结果：只要你做完，无论你在家还是在公司都不重要。在家工作可以节约员工在路上的时间，加上现在高科技设备，比如电话会议、视频会议、邮件等都很方便，反而效率更高。同样，很多公司在招聘时选择的人才就是high performer，所以就算让他们work from home，他们也不会偷懒，因为人人都想好好表现，作出成绩。

纽约还有很多公司，在夏天时会让大家周五下午放假（Summer Friday)。因为纽约的夏天太短、太珍贵，大家周五下午都没心思上班，与其低效率地拖拉着，公司索性放飞大伙， 反而还挣得个“公司真Care员工”的好名声呢。

这让我联想到很多美国公司现在都采取没有限制的休假制度（Unlimited Vacation Policy），指员工想休多长假就休多长假，比如大家熟悉的Netflix。而且没有一个老板会监察哪个员工是否真的休假了，或者休了多长假期，因为这些公司相信真正应该关注的是员工业绩，而不是工作时长。（我想去这样的公司～～）

当然，万恶的资本主义肯定是羊毛出在羊身上，布置给你的功课很多，如果员工本人又很积极上进，绝对是没有机会滥用这样的休假制度的。

-- 当老板出现时--

中国

在中国，老板最大！

老板晚来了，必须等老板驾到才能开会；

开会时老板没发话，必须等老板先开口；

一起吃饭时，老板没动筷，必须等老板先开筷；

多数时间，如果一起吃饭，都是老板买单的！（我怀念我的前老板们～）

中国式老板是权威家长式，一般不太鼓励和赞扬员工。员工还有进步空间呢，这叫Tough地爱（参加我们的爹妈），咱们习惯了。

美国

在美国，老板就是普通人。

老板晚来了，大家会多等几分钟，再不来，那就自行开会；

开会时大家都抢着说话，Speak up是美国人的基本素质；

一起吃饭时，只要大家东西上齐，管老板有没有动刀叉，大家各自开吃（美国基本都是自己点自己的，自己吃自己的）

多数时间，都是大家各自买单！不管是因为庆祝某个同事的生日，或者周年庆，或者其他什么场合，多数为各付各的～～

老板特别爱表扬员工，动不动就是" You are great!" ," Great Job!" 夸张的程度让我自己都觉得自己太棒了！（资本主义就是精，糖衣炮d、不花钱就让你边开心边更努力工作～）

-- 当工作了5年10年时 --

中国

在中国，约定俗成的方向是，大家都奋勇往Leader Role方向上爬（上图左），认为要管理人、要有团队才是职位上的晋升。意思就是我们的目标是向上，向上，再向上，管的人要更多，更多，更要多！做了经理要做总监，做了总监要做VP，做了VP就要做CXO。但是，哪里来那么多总监、VP、CXO的位置呢？

美国

在美国，不光可以往Leader role发展，也有很多人愿意继续在IC（Individual contributor) 发展。比如很多研究员、科学家、技术工作者等，并不带团队，但是在自己本专业不断进步，职级上其实和Management Role一个级别。

最有意思的是，我有个朋友碰到升职机会，但是考虑再三居然拒绝了老板！因为他想花更多的时间在家庭上，而不愿意让工作占据太多时间。而老板也觉得很正常，不会因此心里不爽。

我还有一个朋友因为觉得现在的工作压力太大，就在公司内部找工作机会，自愿降级降薪。这些在中国都是不可想象的。

-- 当离职／被解雇时 --

中国

在中国，如果员工提辞职，一般要给公司至少一个月的Notice时间。期间，公司会找候选人尽快接替T啊。有的重要职位甚至会要求有2个月的Notice时间。

同时，在我10多年在中国职场的亲身简历和所见所闻，几乎很少听到或者看到有员工被公司当场解雇的情况。比较常见的是公司对员工不满时，会和员工谈条件，让员工主动提出离职，让事情尽可能避免尴尬。同时，一般来说，很多公司会给员工N+1的收入作为补偿（具体要看合同）。

美国

在美国，关于离职前要通知公司多少时间并没有规定，除非合同里注明。因为工作是双方自愿行为（at-will)。

我身边看到过很多提出离职的同事朋友，通常提出后不超过1-2个星期就正式离职。如果是掌握公司核心机密的部门，或者去竞争对手上班的话，上午提出辞职，下午就直接滚蛋！（天啊，我常常在想，这样怎么工作交接呢？）

大家在电视里看到过的被当场解雇的情景也都是真的。

每个公司执行方法不一样。我听说过朋友的公司，某人早上去办公室，发现门打不开，然后发现自己被解雇了。办公室的私人用品也没机会收拾啊。（听完这个故事，小编默默地把自己办公室整理了一遍～～）

被解雇的时候，公司并不需要赔1分钱给你，有的公司会继续支付你一段时间的医疗保险，具体要看公司决定。当然，你可以去领失业保险。

（所以，还是我们祖国好啊～～）

-- 当休假时 --

中国

在中国，如果老板有急事找，管你是不是休假，多说都会照样打电话找你。

美国

在美国，休假比天大。老板不会打电话给员工，碰到再急的事情，老板亲自上（尽管有时搞得一塌糊涂，员工还要回来收拾残局）。

我刚去美国时，休假时实在觉得不放心，忍不住查邮件回邮件时就被老板教育了：你休假就休假，不要回邮件！

我还碰到有的员工电脑直接被老板收走，因为不许她回邮件。没错，这位员工是亚洲人～～ 我们亚洲人好勤劳啊。

最后我想说，对比目的并不在于比较两种文化孰优孰劣，任何文化、制度或者流程都有不完美之处。我们可以拿过来做下比较，取其精华，去其糟粕，为了祖国更好的未来～～

随着互联网的快速发展，IT教育成为大热门。

达内IT培训集团是中国高端IT培训的第一品牌，致力于培养面向电信和金融领域的Java、C++、C#/Net、测试、嵌入式、PHP、网页设计、移动UI设计等方面中高端软件人才，由美国国际数据集团IDG、集富亚洲JAFCOASIA和高盛集团投资，是国内首家获得国际风险投资的IT培训机构。

北大青鸟APTECH(全称北京阿博泰克北大青鸟信息技术有限公司)，由北大青鸟集团与印度阿博泰克公司(APTECH)合资成立，是一家专业的IT职业教育公司。北大青鸟IT教育成立于1999年，公司依托北京大学优质雄厚的教育资源和背景，秉承“教育改变生活”的发展理念，致力于培养中国IT技能紧缺型实用人才，是我国最大的IT职业教育机构。

中软国际有限公司是国内大型综合性软件与信息服务企业，具有极高的市场感召力和客户忠诚度，以领先的技术、丰富的经验、精湛的服务在中国IT行业享有极高的声誉。自成立以来，中软国际取得了业界瞩目的成就，并作为国内第一家专注于电子政务领域的IT服务商，于2003年6月在香港联交所创业板成功上市。于2005年收购了专业从事外包业务的北京中软资源信息科技服务有限公司(中软资源)。在未来的发展中，将软件外包作为重点的业务发展方向。公司在全球拥有三十余家分、子公司。公司于2008年12月由港交所创业板转入主板上市。

Culture clash: Why Arena of Valor is struggling in America

文化冲突：美国的《王者荣耀》为什么在挣扎

It's impossible to argue that Tencent's Honor of Kings isn't the biggest mobile game in the world right now

不得不说腾讯的《王者荣耀》目前是世界最大手游。

In 2017

the mobile MOBA generated $19 billion in revenue and boasted 200 million active players in China alone It became the focus of a new esports initiative called the King Pro League (KPL) Younger players even had their play time restricted by Tencent in July last year after government concerns about its impact

2017年MOBA游戏创造了19亿美元的收益，单在中国就有2亿活跃玩家，它成为一个新的电子竞技赛事《王者荣耀职业联赛》的重点。去年7月 担心该游戏的影响，腾讯甚至限制了年轻玩家的游戏时间。

Yet in the west

its sister title Arena of Valor is disappointingly plodding along 

然而在西方，它的姊妹篇《王者荣耀》前景却不容乐观。

（美版的蝙蝠侠就是中国版的兰陵王）

According to Sensor Tower

the game has taken six months to cross the one million install mark on both Google Play and the App Store in the country 

据Sensor Tower（移动应用数据分析公司）称，该游戏花了6个月时间才拿下美国Google Play和App Store 100万的安装量。

Furthermore

it's only generated $3 million to date - less than Honor of Kings does in a single day domestically

此外，截至目前收入仅为300万美元——低于《王者荣耀》在国内的单日收入。

Why then is Arena of Valor struggling in the US 

那么《王者荣耀》在美国为什么没有打开市场？

Partially

it's a victim to market trends

but mostly it's a game lost in translation By being stripped of China's unique cultural and market context

Arena of Valor lost much of what made Honor of Kings work

and has suffered in the process

部分原因是受市场潮流影响，但主要还是该游戏变味了。没有了中国独特的文化和市场氛围，《王者荣耀》丢掉了很多促使其成功的要素，推广受阻。

（这是貂蝉）

Arena of Valor's parative lack of success in the US market is not entirely down to an unfortunate release date Instead

we can only understand its problems by looking at where Honor of Kings succeeded in China instead

《王者荣耀》在美国市场相对来说不够成功也不能完全归咎于发布时机不对。我们只能通过分析其在中国的成功反观其存在的问题。

First

Honor of Kings genre choice fits much more naturally with the Chinese market than with the American market

首先，《王者荣耀》题材的选择相比美国市场更自然地契合中国市场。

While MOBAs are popular in the US

in China they're a gaming phenomenon Honor of Kings' enormous audience is plemented by Riot's League of Legends

which last reported an active player base of over 111 million players

虽然MOBA游戏在美国大受欢迎，但在中国只是一种游戏现象，拳头（美国网游开发商）的《英雄联盟》为《王者荣耀》提供了巨大的用户基础，据最近报道《英雄联盟》的活跃玩家基数已突破111亿。

This market fit has benefitted Honor of Kings significantly 

这一市场契合度对《王者荣耀》的成功意义重大。

By tapping into an already engaged audience with a mobile equivalent of a PC experience

it was well placed to both expand rapidly and follow a similar mercial direction to its PC counterpart

借助PC端经验获得的积极的移动设备用户使该游戏既可以快速推广，又能遵循与PC端游戏相似的商业方向。

（超人就是关羽）

（会飞的关羽是不是应该叫开羽？）

Second

 Honor of Kings benefits because it is tapped much more closely into China's mobile infrastructure 

其次，《王者荣耀》的成功在于它更贴近中国移动基础设施。

Although Arena of Valor uses Facebook to connect players

Honor of Kings' connection with Tencent's QQ and WeChat goes much deeper than idle sharing 

虽然《王者荣耀》可以通过Facebook连接玩家，但中国版可以将腾讯的QQ和微信用户的联系深入到休闲分享中。

Instead

Tencent's exceedingly popular chat apps - each boasting hundreds of millions of users - fully power the social aspect of the game by allowing players to see who is online

invite players to games and discuss strategies

腾讯这两个热门社交聊天应用中每个都拥有上亿用户，玩家可以看到谁在线，邀请玩家加入游戏并讨论策略，这充分发挥了该游戏的社交作用。

Both services act

in essence

like a platform to drive engagement and push up its player bases 

其实这两个应用都成为了推动参与和扩大玩家基础的平台。

When a Chinese converse with an American friend of the opposite sex, would it be indecent to looking at the other personIf two young Chinese friends of the same sex walk with their arms around each other’s shoulder or hold hands

would English-speaking people regard this as properThese are not questions about language, but about body language, about nonverbal communication

一英语的影响力

   （1）从全世界来看，说英语的人数已经超过了任何语言的人数，10多个国家以英语为母语，45个国家的官方语言是英语，世界三分之一的人口（二十几亿）讲英语。比如在日本，除了他们的本国母语——日语之外，英语是他们的第二语言，很多高层次的日本人以会说英语为荣。

 （2）全世界75％的电视节目是英语，四分之三的邮件是用英语书写，电脑键盘是英语键盘，任何一个会议敢号称是国际会议，其会议工作语言一定要用英语，也是联合国的正式工作语言。

二如何学习英语

   （1）当你决定认真去学习英语，第一件要做的事情不是去买一本语法书，而是训练自己的耳朵，去开始分辨并接受这门新语言所带来的独特声音。跳过在脑海里翻译成母语这一步，才能学会直接用英文去思考，否则你永远只是在练习“翻译”而已。

 （2）注意避免那种事无巨细地陈列出每一条语法规则的语法书。这种一股脑的甚至呈不可控制之势的语法罗列方式，会是你自学时的灾难。你需要完整讲解英语发音体系、详细描述了口型和舌位的英语语音书，而且最好不止一本，以便相互印证补充。

It is always interesting to study other cultures and it is extremely important to do just that if you are going to have interactions with themYou don钬檛 want to insult someone or embarrass yourself and your own cultureChina is one of those interesting cultures mainly because what we usually know about the country is through movies or the local Chinese restaurantWhat I钬檝e learned over the years is that that knowledge is usually uselessSincere study of a culture is the only way to truly appreciate the differences

So,being an American what do I see as the 10 biggest cultural differences between the two countriesIt took a long time to narrow it all down since we could get so detailed that an encyclopedia would be the end resultBut the sweat over the computer paid off

These differences do not make either culture better or worse than the other oneIt just shows their differences which has been created through centuries of history and developmentChina can trace their traditions and customs for thousands of yearsAmerica is still a small babe of a nation that has had very few traditions of its own but has become such a melting pot of cultures that there is almost no specific American culture that can be said is applied across the boardThis makes both cultures unique and worthy of study and respect

1Social Structure 钬 In China the social structure is formal and hierarchicalYou know where you fit in the structure and you abide by the rules thereThere is no crossing into other areasIn America,it is much more loose and informalIt is not uncommon to see those of various social levels socializing and knowing each otherThere are very few lines that socially are not allowed to be crossedThis can cause problems in business relationships if the visiting culture is unaware of it

2Confrontation/Conflict钬 If you are planning on conducting business in China or expecting an extended stay,it might be useful to know that the direct way that most Americans approach issues is not the way to go in ChinaDirect conflict or confrontation over issues is highly frowned uponDoesn钬檛 matter that the 钬渢ruth钬 needs to be spoken,respect and honor to each person supersedes thatTo prove a point and show yourself in the right even over business issues is considered shameful and should be avoided

3Self 钬揟he Chinese looks more at the group collective than at individualismAmerica has become known for its push of individualism which has been a source of conflict with other cultures that look collectivelyA person from China is more prone to look at how their acts affect the whole instead of how it affects them personallyThey are more willing to give up and sacrifice for the greater goodAmerica钬檚 individualism has been its backbone and the reason for its success as a world power,but when visiting China it needs to be reined in

4Face/Reputation钬 Reputation of the individual is very important in ChinaIf an action will humiliate someone or ruin a reputation,it is avoidedWhen shame occurs,the person sacrifices their job or whatever it is that will heal the shameIn America,reputations come and go overnight and in the end usually does not matterThe end result is more of the focusA person is more likely to overlook a reputation to get the job done

5Business Relations 钬 When doing business in China,be prepared for much socializingBusiness becomes secondary as the parties get to know each betterIf it delays a contract,that is perfectly acceptable as long as the correct social time is allotted forIn America,business associates are usually more aloofThere might be some social gathering but the business is more important and the socializing will be sacrificed to get the job done if neededThough there seems to be shift in America regarding thisThe recognition of networking is becoming more pronounced

6Morals 钬揅hinese society places high values on the morals of their peopleMarriage is not encouraged until the late twentiesIn fact,dating is discouraged early in a young adult钬檚 life and proprieties are expected to be held upThe American culture is much more relaxed and some could even argue that there needs to be more moral emphasize

7Recognition of the Dead 钬 One of the time honored traditions of the Chinese is the recognition of the deadOnce a year,all members of a family visit the gravesites of each ancestor and pay their respectsHonoring ancestors is very important in Chinese cultureThis is in direct contrast to most Americans who rarely know where the majority of their ancestors are laid to restThis might be due to the fact that most Americans are immigrants who either have lost the information on grave locations or the locations are in foreign countriesChina钬檚 culture is much older and the percentage of immigration is far less

8Humility 钬揌umility is a revered virtue in Chinese cultureThe success of one钬檚 business or personal life is downplayed while in America the successes are laudedMost Americans in the fast business world consider humility a sign of weaknessThis can be an issue that hurts inter-cultural relationsBe very sensitive to comments and actions in the presence of another culture

9Time Sensitivity 钬 Crossing cultures for business can be frustrating when it interferes with getting the job doneMost Americans are very time sensitive when it comes to meetings and deadlinesIf the meeting was to commence at 2:00,then all parties are to be present at that timeThe Chinese do not view time as an absolute but more as a suggestionConcern is not expressed for a meeting starting late or ending at a different timeThe same can be applied to deadlinesIf a report is due on Friday,an American would be waiting for that report to be received before end of business dayThe Chinese would not worry if it showed up several days later

10Respect 钬揃eing sensitive to another person钬檚 needs is very important in Chinese cultureIt is expected that you will respect the other person and treat them wellTheir needs are met at each encounterThis is a characteristic that unfortunately has fallen on the wayside in most American circles

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