ruby-on-rails – Ruby：冻结数组中的字符串是否也应单独冻结？

概述Ruby 2.2.3,Rails 4.2.1 我有大量的字符串数组,我将其定义为常量,以便在整个应用程序中使用.它们是各种ISO国家代码,语言代码,这类东西,所以有两到四个字符,每个字符编号为数百个唯一值. 不同的数组是这些的集合,因此NORTH_AMERICA_COUNTRY_CODES可能是十几个国家代码的数组,AFRICA_COUNTRY_CODES可能是大约60个数组.其中许多重叠(例如, Ruby 2.2.3,Rails 4.2.1

我有大量的字符串数组,我将其定义为常量,以便在整个应用程序中使用.它们是各种ISO国家代码,语言代码,这类东西,所以有两到四个字符,每个字符编号为数百个唯一值.

不同的数组是这些的集合,因此norTH_AMERICA_COUNTRY_CODES可能是十几个国家代码的数组,AFRICA_COUNTRY_CODES可能是大约60个数组.其中许多重叠(例如,各个版本的英联邦国家).

这些数组用于与其他任意国家代码数组进行比较,用于逻辑,例如“从非洲减去这个国家列表”.

所以我想知道,当我生成这些常量时,我​​应该冻结数组中的字符串,而不是：

WORLD_COUNTRIES = CountrIEs.pluck(:country_code).freeze

… 也许 …

WORLD_COUNTRIES = CountrIEs.pluck(:country_code).map{|c| c.freeze}.freeze

有没有办法量化潜在的好处？

我考虑使用符号数组而不是字符串数组,但是这些数据使用的任意数组都存储在Postgresql文本数组中,似乎我需要将这些列序列化,或者覆盖getter和setter方法更改字符串数组和符号数组之间的值.啊.

编辑

测试结果,我试图对三种情况进行基准测试：

>将冻结的未冻结字符串数组与未冻结的未冻结字符串数组进行比较
>将冻结的冷冻字符串数组与未冻结的未冻结字符串数组进行比较
>将冻结的符号数组与未冻结的符号数组进行比较(如果我咬了一下子d并在此处完全符号化).

对方法论或解释的任何想法都感激不尽.我不确定前两个结果之间的相似性是否表明它们在所有方面都是相同的,但我会热衷于任何可以直接指向内存分配差异的内容.

脚本：

require 'benchmark'country_List             = ["AD","AE","AF","AG","AI","AL","AM","AN","AO","AQ","AR","AS","AT","AU","AW","AX","AZ","BA","BB","BD","BE","BF","BG","BH","BI","BJ","BL","BM","BN","BO","BQ","BR","BS","BT","BV","BW","BY","BZ","CA","CC","CD","CF","CG","CH","CI","CK","CL","CM","CN","CO","CR","CS","CU","CV","CW","CX","CY","CZ","DE","DJ","DK","DM","DO","DZ","EC","EE","EG","EH","ER","ES","ET","FI","FJ","FK","FM","FO","FR","GA","GB","GD","GE","GF","GG","GH","GI","GL","GM","GN","GP","GQ","GR","GS","GT","GU","GW","GY","HK","HM","HN","HR","HT","HU","ID","IE","IL","IM","IN","IO","IQ","IR","IS","IT","JE","JM","JO","JP","KE","KG","KH","KI","KM","KN","KP","KR","KW","KY","KZ","LA","LB","LC","li","LK","LR","LS","LT","LU","LV","LY","MA","MC","MD","ME","MF","MG","MH","MK","ML","MM","MN","MO","MP","MQ","MR","MS","MT","MU","MV","MW","MX","MY","MZ","NA","NC","NE","NF","NG","NI","NL","NO","NP","NR","NU","NZ","OM","PA","PE","PF","PG","PH","PK","PL","PM","PN","PR","PS","PT","PW","PY","QA","RE","RO","RS","RU","RW","SA","SB","SC","SD","SE","SG","SH","SI","SJ","SK","SL","SM","SN","SO","SR","SS","ST","SV","SX","SY","SZ","TC","TD","TF","TG","TH","TJ","TK","TL","TM","TN","TO","TR","TT","TV","TW","TZ","UA","UG","UM","US","UY","UZ","VA","VC","VE","VG","VI","VN","VU","WF","WS","YE","YT","YU","ZA","ZM","ZW"] FROZen_ARRAY             = country_List.dup.freezeputs FROZen_ARRAY.sizeFROZen_ARRAY_AND_STRINGS = country_List.dup.map{|x| x.freeze}.freezeFROZen_ARRAY_AND_SYMBolS = country_List.dup.map{|x| x.to_sym}.freezecomp_s                   = %w(AD AT BE CY EE FI FR DE ES GR IE IT LU LV MC ME MT NL PT SI SK SM VA)comp_sym                 = %w(AD AT BE CY EE FI FR DE ES GR IE IT LU LV MC ME MT NL PT SI SK SM VA).map{|x| x.to_sym}Benchmark.bm do |x|  x.report("froZen string"  )  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY_AND_STRINGS & comp_s.dup) }}  x.report("unfroZen string")  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY             & comp_s.dup) }}  x.report("symbols"        )  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY_AND_SYMBolS & comp_sym.dup) }}endBenchmark.bmbm do |x|  x.report("froZen string"  )  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY_AND_STRINGS & comp_s.dup) }}  x.report("unfroZen string")  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY             & comp_s.dup) }}  x.report("symbols"        )  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY_AND_SYMBolS & comp_sym.dup) }}end

结果：

2.2.3 :001 > require 'benchmark' => false 2.2.3 :002 > 2.2.3 :003 >   country_List             = ["AD","ZW"]  => ["AD","ZW"] 2.2.3 :004 > FROZen_ARRAY             = country_List.dup.freeze => ["AD","ZW"] 2.2.3 :005 > puts FROZen_ARRAY.size252 => nil 2.2.3 :006 > FROZen_ARRAY_AND_STRINGS = country_List.dup.map{|x| x.freeze}.freeze => ["AD","ZW"] 2.2.3 :007 > FROZen_ARRAY_AND_SYMBolS = country_List.dup.map{|x| x.to_sym}.freeze => [:AD,:AE,:AF,:AG,:AI,:AL,:AM,:AN,:AO,:AQ,:AR,:AS,:AT,:AU,:AW,:AX,:AZ,:BA,:BB,:BD,:BE,:BF,:BG,:BH,:BI,:BJ,:BL,:BM,:BN,:BO,:BQ,:BR,:BS,:BT,:BV,:BW,:BY,:BZ,:CA,:CC,:CD,:CF,:CG,:CH,:CI,:CK,:CL,:CM,:CN,:CO,:CR,:CS,:CU,:CV,:CW,:CX,:CY,:CZ,:DE,:DJ,:DK,:DM,:DO,:DZ,:EC,:EE,:EG,:EH,:ER,:ES,:ET,:FI,:FJ,:FK,:FM,:FO,:FR,:GA,:GB,:GD,:GE,:GF,:GG,:GH,:GI,:GL,:GM,:GN,:GP,:GQ,:GR,:GS,:GT,:GU,:GW,:GY,:HK,:HM,:HN,:HR,:HT,:HU,:ID,:IE,:IL,:IM,:IN,:IO,:IQ,:IR,:IS,:IT,:JE,:JM,:JO,:JP,:KE,:KG,:KH,:KI,:KM,:KN,:KP,:KR,:KW,:KY,:KZ,:LA,:LB,:LC,:li,:LK,:LR,:LS,:LT,:LU,:LV,:LY,:MA,:MC,:MD,:ME,:MF,:MG,:MH,:MK,:ML,:MM,:MN,:MO,:MP,:MQ,:MR,:MS,:MT,:MU,:MV,:MW,:MX,:MY,:MZ,:NA,:NC,:NE,:NF,:NG,:NI,:NL,:NO,:NP,:NR,:NU,:NZ,:OM,:PA,:PE,:PF,:PG,:PH,:PK,:PL,:PM,:PN,:PR,:PS,:PT,:PW,:PY,:QA,:RE,:RO,:RS,:RU,:RW,:SA,:SB,:SC,:SD,:SE,:SG,:SH,:SI,:SJ,:SK,:SL,:SM,:SN,:SO,:SR,:SS,:ST,:SV,:SX,:SY,:SZ,:TC,:TD,:TF,:TG,:TH,:TJ,:TK,:TL,:TM,:TN,:TO,:TR,:TT,:TV,:TW,:TZ,:UA,:UG,:UM,:US,:UY,:UZ,:VA,:VC,:VE,:VG,:VI,:VN,:VU,:WF,:WS,:YE,:YT,:YU,:ZA,:ZM,:ZW] 2.2.3 :008 > comp_s                   = %w(AD AT BE CY EE FI FR DE ES GR IE IT LU LV MC ME MT NL PT SI SK SM VA) => ["AD","VA"] 2.2.3 :009 > comp_sym                 = %w(AD AT BE CY EE FI FR DE ES GR IE IT LU LV MC ME MT NL PT SI SK SM VA).map{|x| x.to_sym} => [:AD,:VA] 2.2.3 :010 > 2.2.3 :011 >   2.2.3 :012 >   Benchmark.bm do |x|2.2.3 :013 >       x.report("froZen string"  )  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY_AND_STRINGS & comp_s.dup) }}2.2.3 :014?>     x.report("unfroZen string")  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY             & comp_s.dup) }}2.2.3 :015?>     x.report("symbols"        )  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY_AND_SYMBolS & comp_sym.dup) }}2.2.3 :016?>   end       user     system      total        realfroZen string  0.190000   0.000000   0.190000 (  0.194141)unfroZen string  0.170000   0.010000   0.180000 (  0.174675)symbols  0.080000   0.000000   0.080000 (  0.081507) => [#<Benchmark::Tms:0x007f810c3aca70 @label="froZen string",@real=0.1941408810671419,@cstime=0.0,@cutime=0.0,@stime=0.0,@utime=0.1899999999999995,@total=0.1899999999999995>,#<Benchmark::Tms:0x007f810c82b538 @label="unfroZen string",@real=0.1746752569451928,@stime=0.010000000000000009,@utime=0.16999999999999993,@total=0.17999999999999994>,#<Benchmark::Tms:0x007f810af2cfa0 @label="symbols",@real=0.08150708093307912,@utime=0.08000000000000007,@total=0.08000000000000007>] 2.2.3 :017 > 2.2.3 :018 >   2.2.3 :019 >   Benchmark.bmbm do |x|2.2.3 :020 >       x.report("froZen string"  )  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY_AND_STRINGS & comp_s.dup) }}2.2.3 :021?>     x.report("unfroZen string")  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY             & comp_s.dup) }}2.2.3 :022?>     x.report("symbols"        )  { 10000.times {|i| c = (FROZen_ARRAY_AND_SYMBolS & comp_sym.dup) }}2.2.3 :023?>   endRehearsal ---------------------------------------------------froZen string     0.180000   0.000000   0.180000 (  0.183846)unfroZen string   0.200000   0.000000   0.200000 (  0.196311)symbols           0.080000   0.000000   0.080000 (  0.082794)------------------------------------------ total: 0.460000sec                      user     system      total        realfroZen string     0.160000   0.000000   0.160000 (  0.167051)unfroZen string   0.170000   0.000000   0.170000 (  0.171601)symbols           0.080000   0.000000   0.080000 (  0.078746) => [#<Benchmark::Tms:0x007f811022a388 @label="froZen string",@real=0.1670510449912399,@utime=0.16000000000000014,@total=0.16000000000000014>,#<Benchmark::Tms:0x007f811022a4c8 @label="unfroZen string",@real=0.17160122003406286,@total=0.16999999999999993>,#<Benchmark::Tms:0x007f8108eb1c58 @label="symbols",@real=0.07874645793344826,@total=0.08000000000000007>] 2.2.3 :024 > 2.2.3 :025 >   2.2.3 :026 >

解决方法 由于您处理的是少量值,并且由于符号的性能优势在您的测试中很明显,因此请使用符号.

顺便说一句,您可以使用map(&：to_sym)而不是map {| x | x.to_sym}.

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