C# 6.0 新特性汇总

概述1.静态using(staticusing)静态using声明允许不使用类名直接调用静态方法。Thestaticusingdeclarationallowsinvokingstaticmethodswithouttheclass

1. 静态using(static using)

静态using声明允许不使用类名直接调用静态方法。

The static using declaration allows invoking static methods without the classname.In C# 5using System;Console.Writeline("Hello,World!");In C# 6using static System.Console;Writeline("Hello,World");

2. 表达式方法(Expression-BodIEd Methods)

使用表达式方法，只有一条语句的方法可以使用lambda语法写。

With Expression-bodIEd methods,a method that includes just one statement canbe written with the lambda Syntax.In C# 5public bool IsSquare(Rectangle rect){return rect.Height == rect.WIDth;}In C# 6public bool IsSquare(Rectangle rect) => rect.Height == rect.WIDth;

3. 表达式属性(Expression-BodIEd PropertIEs)

跟表达式方法类似，只有一个get访问器的单行属性可以使用lambda语法写。

Similar to Expression-bodIEd methods,one-line propertIEs with only a get accessorcan be written with the lambda SyntaxIn C# 5public string Fullname{get{return Firstname +"" + Lastname;}}In C# 6public string Fullname => Firstname +"" + Lastname;

4. 自动属性初始化器(auto-Implemented Property Intializers)

自动属性可以使用属性初始化器初始化。

auto-implemented propertIEs can be initialized with a property initializer.

In C# 5public class Person{public Person(){Age = 24;}public int Age {get; set;}}In C# 6public class Person{public int Age {get; set;} = 42;}

5. 只读自动属性(Read-Only auto PropertIEs)

C# 5需要完整的属性语法实现只读属性，C# 6可以使用自动属性实现。

To implement read-only propertIEs,C# 5 requires the full property Syntax. WithC# 6,you can do this using auto-implemented propertIEs.In C# 5private Readonly int _bookID;public BookID{get{return _bookID;}}In C# 6public BookID {get;}

6. nameof *** 作符(nameof Operator)

字段、属性、方法和类型的name可以通过nameof访问。使用nameof，可以方便的重构name变化。

With the new nameof operator,names of fIElds,propertIEs,methods,or types canbe accessed. With this,name changes are not missed with refactoring.In C# 5public voID Method(object o){if (o == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("o");In C# 6public voID Method(object o){if (o == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(o));

7. Null传递 *** 作符(Null Propagation Operator)

Null传递 *** 作符简化了空值检查。

The null propagation operator simplifIEs null checks.In C# 5int? age = p == null ? null : p.Age;var handler = Event;if (handler != null){handler(source,e);}In C# 6int? age = p?.Age;handler?.Invoke(source,e);

8. 字符串插值(String Interpolation)

字符串差值移除了对string.Format的调用，使用表达式占位符取代数字格式占位符。

The string interpolation removes calls to string.Format. Instead of usingnumbered format placeholders in the string,the placeholders can includeExpressions.In C# 5public overrIDe ToString(){return string.Format("{0},{1}",Title,Publisher);}In C# 6public overrIDe ToString() => $"{Title} {Publisher}";

9. 字典初始化器(Dictionary Initializers)

字典可以使用类似集合的字典初始化器初始化。

DictionarIEs can Now be initialized with a dictionary initializer―similar to thecollection initializer.In C# 5var dict = new Dictionary<int,string>();dict.Add(3,"three");dict.Add(7,"seven");In C# 6var dict = new Dictionary<int,string>(){[3] ="three",[7] ="seven"};

10. 异常过滤器(Exception Filters)

异常过滤器允许你在捕获异常前进行过滤。

Exception filters allow you to filter exceptions before catching them.

In C# 5try{//etc.} catch (MyException ex){if (ex.ErrorCode != 405) throw;// etc.}In C# 6try{//etc.} catch (MyException ex) when (ex.ErrorCode == 405){// etc.}

11. 在Catch使用Await(Await in Catch)

await可以在catch块中直接使用，C# 5中需要变通使用。

await can Now be used in the catch clause. C# 5 required a workaround.In C# 5bool hasError = false;string errorMessage = null;try{//etc.} catch (MyException ex){hasError = true;errorMessage = ex.Message;} if (hasError){await new MessageDialog().ShowAsync(errorMessage);}In C# 6try{//etc.} catch (MyException ex){await new MessageDialog().ShowAsync(ex.Message);}

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