vb.net使用FindWindowex在另一个应用程序中查找messagebox

概述我有一个visual basic应用程序需要找到Microsoft Access,它有一个消息框,然后Send Enter到消息框. 我跟着这篇文章(FindWindow FindWindowEx). 它找到Access并将其带到前台,但它不想找到消息框并将其带到前面： Public Class Form1 Private Declare Function SetForegroundWindo 我有一个visual basic应用程序需要找到Microsoft Access,它有一个消息框,然后Send Enter到消息框.

我跟着这篇文章(FindWindow FindWindowEx).

它找到Access并将其带到前台,但它不想找到消息框并将其带到前面：

Public Class Form1 Private Declare Function SetForegrounDWindow lib "user32" (ByVal hwnd As IntPtr) As Long Private Declare auto Function FinDWindow lib "user32.dll" ( _ ByVal lpClassname As String,_ ByVal lpWindowname As String _ ) As IntPtr Private Declare auto Function findwindowex lib "user32.dll" ( _ ByVal hwndParent As IntPtr,_ ByVal hwndChildAfter As IntPtr,_ ByVal lpszClass As String,_ ByVal lpszWindow As String _ ) As IntPtr Private Sub Form1_Load(sender As Object,e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load  Dim hWnd As IntPtr  hWnd = FinDWindow("OMain",nothing)  MsgBox(hWnd) 'FINDS 1640402  Dim hWndChild1 As IntPtr = _  findwindowex(hWnd,IntPtr.Zero,"#32770 (Dialog)","Microsoft Access")  MsgBox(hWndChild1) 'FirsT PROBLEM IT FINDS ZERO HERE  Dim hWndChild1button As IntPtr = _  findwindowex(hWndChild1,"button","OK")  MsgBox(hWndChild1button) 'ALSO FINDS ZERO HERE  If hWndChild1button <> IntPtr.Zero Then   SetForegrounDWindow(hWndChild1button)   SendKeys.SenDWait("{Enter}")  End If End SubEnd Class

解决方法 代码未使用正确的winAPI函数. findwindowex()可以找到子窗口,但MsgBox()显示的窗口不是子窗口.它是一个顶级窗口,您可以使用FinDWindow()找到它.

但该功能不足以找到您要关闭的特定消息框.需要一种更好的方法,您可以使用的方法是使用EnumThreadwindows()枚举同一线程拥有的窗口.关于MsgBox()的好处是,由于对话框是模态的,因此只有一个这样的窗口.

SendKeys()也不够精确,如果消息框在前台,它只能正常工作.更好的方法是通过向BM_CliCK消息发送实际单击按钮.使用Access表单测试的代码：

imports System.Runtime.InteropServicesimports System.ComponentModelimports System.TextModule Module1    Sub Main()        '' Find the MS-Access host window        Dim access = FinDWindow("OMain",nothing)        If access = IntPtr.Zero Then Throw New Win32Exception()        '' Enumerate the windows owned by the same thread        Dim pID As Integer        Dim tID = GetwindowThreadProcessID(access,pID)        If tID = 0 Then Throw New Win32Exception()        EnumThreadwindows(tID,AddressOf ClickOkbutton,nothing)    End Sub    Private Function ClickOkbutton(hWnd As IntPtr,lp As IntPtr) As Boolean        '' Verify the class name is #32770        Dim buf As New StringBuilder(256)        GetClassname(hWnd,buf,256)        If buf.ToString <> "#32770" Then Return True        '' Find the OK button (control ID 2)        Dim okbutton = GetDlgitem(hWnd,2)        If okbutton = IntPtr.Zero Then Return True        '' Activate the dialog,just in case        SetActiveWindow(hWnd)        '' Click the button        SendMessage(okbutton,BM_CliCK,IntPtr.Zero)        '' Done,no need to continue enumerating windows        Return False    End FunctionEnd ModuleFrIEnd Module NativeMethods    <Dllimport("user32.dll",SetLastError:=True,CharSet:=CharSet.auto)>    FrIEnd Function FinDWindow(ByVal lpClassname As String,ByVal lpWindowname As String) As IntPtr    End Function    <Dllimport("user32.dll",SetLastError:=True)>    FrIEnd Function GetwindowThreadProcessID(ByVal hwnd As IntPtr,ByRef lpDWProcessID As Integer) As Integer    End Function    FrIEnd Delegate Function EnumThreadDelegate(hWnd As IntPtr,lParam As IntPtr) As Boolean    <Dllimport("user32.dll",SetLastError:=True)>    FrIEnd Function EnumThreadwindows(DWThreadID As Int32,lpfn As EnumThreadDelegate,lParam As IntPtr) As Boolean    End Function    <Dllimport("user32.dll",CharSet:=CharSet.auto)>    FrIEnd Function GetClassname(ByVal hWnd As system.intPtr,ByVal lpClassname As System.Text.StringBuilder,ByVal nMaxCount As Integer) As Integer    End Function    <Dllimport("user32.dll",CharSet:=CharSet.auto)>    FrIEnd Function GetDlgitem(ByVal hDlg As IntPtr,ID As Integer) As IntPtr    End Function    <Dllimport("user32.dll",SetLastError:=True)>    FrIEnd Function SetActiveWindow(ByVal hWnd As IntPtr) As IntPtr    End Function    <Dllimport("user32.dll")>    FrIEnd Function SendMessage(ByVal hWnd As IntPtr,ByVal msg As Integer,ByVal wp As IntPtr,ByVal lp As IntPtr) As IntPtr    End Function    FrIEnd Const BM_CliCK As Integer = &HF5End Module

通常的建议是favor UI Automation.

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