
因此,get() 是从文件中读取一个字符,但 peek() 只是"看"了下一个字符而没有真正读取它。为了更好地理解这种差异,假设新打开的文件包含字符串 "abc",则以下语句序列将在屏幕上打印两个字符 "ab":
char ch = infile.get () ; // 读取一个字符
cout << ch; //输出字符
ch = infile.get () ; // 读取另一个字符
cout << ch; //输出字符
char ch = infile.peek () ; //返回下一个字符但是不读取它
cout << ch; //输出字符
ch = infile.get () ; //现在读取下一个字符
cout << ch; //输出字符
>> 读取,但如果数据是非数字字符序列,则应该用 get 或 getline 读取。下面的程序使用 peek 函数通过将文件中出现的每个整数的值递增 1 来修改文件的副本:
// This program demonstrates the peek member function.、#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <fstream>using namespace std;int main(){ // Variables needed to read characters and numbers char ch; int number; // Variables for file handling string filename; fstream infile,outfile; // Open the file to be modifIEd cout << "Enter a file name: "; cin >> filename; infile.open(filename.c_str(),ios::in); if (!infile) { cout << "Cannot open file " << filename; return 0; } // Open the file to receive the modifIEd copy outfile.open("modifIEd.txt",ios::out); if (!outfile) { cout << "Cannot open the outpur file."; return 0; } // copy the input file one character at a time except numbers in the input file must have 1 added to them // Peek at the first character ch = infile.peek(); while (ch != EOF) { //examine current character if (isdigit(ch)) { // numbers should be read with >> infile >> number; outfile << number + 1; } else { // just a simple character,read it and copy it ch = infile.get(); outfile << ch; } // Peek at the next character from input file ch = infile.peek(); } // Close the files infile.close(); outfile.close (); return 0;}程序测试文件内容:
Amy is 23 years old. Robert is 50 years old. The difference between their ages is 27 years. Amy was born in 1986.
程序输出结果:
Amy is 24 years old. Robert is 51 years old. The difference between their ages is 28 years. Amy was born in 1987.
>> 来读取整个数字;如果是字符,则应该通过调用 get() 成员函数来读取)。因此,程序使用 peek() 来检查字符而不实际读取它们。如果下一个字符是一个数字,则调用流提取 *** 作符来读取以该字符开头的数字;否则,通过调用 get() 来读取字符并将其复制到目标文件中。
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