
coc芯片封装是芯片封装即安装半导体集成电路芯片用的外壳,具有安放、固定、密封、保护芯片和增强电热性能的作用。
coc芯片封装安装半导体集成电路芯片用的外壳,起着安装、固定、密封、保护芯片及增强电热性能等方面的作用,通过芯片上的锡点用导线连接到封装外壳的引脚上,这些引脚又通过印刷电路板上的导线与其他器件相连接,从而实现内部芯片与外部电路的连接。
芯片载体封装:
coc芯片封装80年代出现了芯片载体封装,其中有陶瓷无引线芯片载体LCCC(Leadless Ceramic Chip Carrier)、塑料有引线芯片载体PLCC(Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier)、小尺寸封装SOP(Small Outline Package)、塑料四边引出扁平封装PQFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package)。
coc芯片封装以0.5mm焊区中心距,208根I/O引脚的QFP封装的CPU为例,外形尺寸28×28mm,芯片尺寸10×10mm,则芯片面积/封装面积=10×10/28×28=1:7.8,由此可见QFP比DIP的封装尺寸大大减小。
CBGA Ceramic Ball Grid Array 陶瓷焊球阵列
CCGA Ceramic Column Grid Array 陶瓷焊柱阵列
CLCC Ceramic Leaded Chip Carrier 带引脚的陶瓷片式载体
CML Current Mode Logic 电流开关逻辑
CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor 互补金属氧化物半导体
COB Chip on Board 板上芯片
COC Chip on Chip 叠层芯片
COG Chip on Glass 玻璃板上芯片
CSP Chip Size Package 芯片尺寸封装
CTE Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 热膨胀系数
CVD Chemical Vapor Depositon 化学汽相淀积
DCA Direct Chip Attach 芯片直接安装
DFP Dual Flat Package 双侧引脚扁平封装
DIP Double In-Line Package 双列直插式封装
DMS Direct Metallization System 直接金属化系统
DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory 动态随机存取存贮器
DSO Dual Small Outline 双侧引脚小外形封装
DTCP Dual Tape Carrier Package 双载带封装
3D Three-Dimensional 三维
2D Two-Dimensional 二维
EB Electron Beam 电子束
ECL Emitter-Coupled Logic 射极耦合逻辑
FC Flip Chip 倒装片法
FCB Flip Chip Bonding 倒装焊
FCOB Flip Chip on Board 板上倒装片
FEM Finite Element Method 有限元法
FP Flat Package 扁平封装
FPBGA Fine Pitch Ball Grid Array 窄节距BGA
FPD Fine Pitch Device 窄节距器件
FPPQFP Fine Pitch Plastic QFP 窄节距塑料QFP
GQFP Guard-Ring Quad Flat Package 带保护环的QFP
HDI High Density Interconnect 高密度互连
HDMI High Density Multilayer Interconnect 高密度多层互连
HIC Hybird Integrated Circuit 混合集成电路
HTCC High Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic 高温共烧陶瓷
HTS High Temperature Storage 高温贮存
IC Integrated Circuit 集成电路
IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor 绝缘栅双极晶体管
ILB Inner-Lead Bond 内引脚焊接
I/O Input/Output 输入/输出
IVH Inner Via Hole 内部通孔
JLCC J-Leaded Chip Carrier J形引脚片式载体
KGD Known Good Die 优质芯片
LCC Leadless Chip Carrier 无引脚片式载体
LCCC Leadless Ceramic Chip Carrier 无引脚陶瓷片式载体
LCCP Lead Chip Carrier Package 有引脚片式载体封装
LCD Liquid Crystal Display 液晶显示器
LCVD Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition 激光化学汽相淀积
LDI Laser Direct Imaging 激光直接成像
LGA Land Grid Array 焊区阵列
LSI Large Scale Integrated Circuit 大规模集成电路
LOC Lead Over Chip 芯片上引线健合
LQFP Low Profile QFP 薄形QFP
LTCC Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic 低温共烧陶瓷
MBGA Metal BGA 金属基板BGA
MCA Multiple Channel Access 多通道存取
MCM Multichip Module 多芯片组件
MCM-C MCM with Ceramic Substrate 陶瓷基板多芯片组件
MCM-D MCM with Deposited Thin Film Inteconnect Substrate 淀积薄膜互连基板多芯片组件
MCM-L MCM with Laminated Substrate 叠层基板多芯片组件
MCP Multichip Package 多芯片封装
MELF Metal Electrode Face Bonding 金属电极表面健合
MEMS Microelectro Mechanical System 微电子机械系统
MFP Mini Flat Package 微型扁平封装
MLC Multi-Layer Ceramic Package 多层陶瓷封装
MMIC Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit 微波单片集成电路
MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Silicon Field-Effect Transistor 金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管
MPU Microprocessor Unit 微处理器
MQUAD Metal Quad 金属四列引脚
MSI Medium Scale Integration 中规模集成电路
OLB Outer Lead Bonding 外引脚焊接
PBGA Plastic BGA 塑封BGA
PC Personal Computer 个人计算机
PFP Plastic Flat Package 塑料扁平封装
PGA Pin Grid Array 针栅阵列
PI Polymide 聚酰亚胺
PIH Plug-In Hole 通孔插装
PTF Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier 塑料有引脚片式载体
PTF Polymer Thick Film 聚合物厚膜
PWB Printed Wiring Board 印刷电路板
PQFP Plastic QFP 塑料QFP
QFJ Quad Flat J-leaded Package 四边J形引脚扁平封装
QFP Quad Flat Package 四边引脚扁平封装
QIP Quad In-Line Package 四列直插式封装
RAM Random Access Memory 随机存取存贮器
SBB Stud-Bump Bonding 钉头凸点焊接
SBC Solder-Ball Connection 焊球连接
SCIM Single Chip Integrated Module 单芯片集成模块
SCM Single Chip Module 单芯片组件
SLIM Single Level Integrated Module 单级集成模块
SDIP Shrinkage Dual Inline Package 窄节距双列直插式封装
SEM Sweep Electron Microscope 电子扫描显微镜
SIP Single In-Line Package 单列直插式封装
SIP System In a Package 系统级封装
SMC Surface Mount Component 表面安装元件
SMD Surface Mount Device 表面安装器件
SMP Surface Mount Package 表面安装封装
SMT Surface Mount Technology 表面安装技术
SOC System On Chip 系统级芯片
SOIC Small Outline Integrated Circuit 小外形封装集成电路
SOJ Small Outline J-Lead Package 小外形J形引脚封装
SOP Small Outline Package 小外形封装
SOP System On a Package 系统级封装
SOT Small Outline Transistor 小外形晶体管
SSI Small Scale Integration 小规模集成电路
SSIP Small Outline Single-Line Plug Package 小外形单列直插式封装
SSOP Shrink Small Outline Package 窄节距小外形封装
SPLCC Shrinkage Plasitc Leadless Chip Carrier 窄节距塑料无引脚片式载体
STRAM Selftimed Random Access Memory 自定时随机存取存贮器
SVP Surface Vertical Package 立式表面安装型封装
TAB Tape Automated Bonding 载带自动焊
TBGA Tape BGA 载带BGA
TCM Thermal Conduction Module 热导组件
TCP Tape Carrier Package 带式载体封装
THT Through-Hole Technology 通孔安装技术
TO Transistor Outline 晶体管外壳
TPQFP Thin Plastic QFP 薄形塑料QFP
TQFP Tape QFP 载带QFP
TSOP Thin SOP 薄形SOP
TTL Transistor-Transistor Logic 晶体管-晶体管逻辑
UBM Metalization Under Bump 凸点下金属化
UFPD Ultra Small Pitch Device 超窄节距器件
USOP Ultra SOP 超小SOP
USONF Ultra Small Outline Package Non Fin 无散热片的超小外形封装
UV Ultraviolet 紫外光
VHSIC Very High Speed Integrated Circuit 超高速集成电路
VLSI Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit 超大规模集成电路
WB Wire Bonding 引线健合
WLP Wafer Level Package 圆片级封装
WSI Wafer Scale Integration 圆片级规模集成
用火箭吹球清理 CCD 上的 OLPF-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CCD: Charge Coupled Device 电荷耦合装置 (半导体摄像器)OLPF: Optical Low-Pass Filter 低通滤波镜GIOTTOS 60mm 火箭吹球Ayer创意提供清理前 IMGP6129.jpg清理后 IMGP6152.jpg
把反光镜提升,开口朝下,用火箭吹球向上吹吹5~6下真是像鬼一样干净快速又方便只是不知道会不会因此增加CCD腔室的尘污 (因为用黏的比较踏实)不然怎么没人推荐?>>补充:F38下会看到微小尘点,看来那些是吹不走的部分,因为太小了。淬炼:
干,有够干净
还是吹了灰尘会落到机身内其它地方?
所以没人推荐
而用黏的是因为确实黏出机身外,所以很多人用绿色色版的噪声比较低,可能因为我室内光源的白墙偏绿曝光时间: 2"
光圈大小: F38.0
最大光圈: F5.7
模糊圈(CoC): 0.020 mm
超焦距离: 3.95 m
曝光模式: Aperture-priority AE
ISO感光数值: 800
白平衡设定: Auto
原始焦距: 55.0 mm
35mm等效焦距: 55.0 mm (35 mm equivalent: 82.0 mm)用绿色色版,拉开对比--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------传说Canon 30D CCD前有三片低通滤镜 所以成像比较软(Soft)
Canon D30 images are well known for outputting somewhat "soft" images.
以canon 30d来讲甚至在感光组件前加装了三组「低通道过滤器」来减少这情形发生!
大量的数码相机的CCD 前安装有低通滤波器,Canon EOS 30D 甚至安装了三组低通滤波器(因其CMOS 开口率较大故需要更佳的滤除效果)。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------通滤镜长什么样子呢??
low pass filter 30D
The Filter has a total thickness of 2.45mm
可以减低摩尔纹的LPF参考:http://www.sensor-film.com/filter.htmllow pass filter 低通滤镜The structure of the low pass filter in front of your sensor is more complicated than you probably expect. 在感应器前的低通滤镜的结构比你想象的更复杂。 It consists of several layers which are glued together. 它由许多分层胶合在一起。 Each layer has its own special task. 每一层有他独自的用处。 Let's take the low pass filter of a Canon 20D/30D as an example. 就让我们拿Canon 20D/30D的低通滤镜来做例子吧。
low pass filter 30DThe Filter has a total thickness of 2.45mm:
这片滤镜有着2.45mm的厚度:Layer number 1 is a hot mirror coating and reflects infrared light.
编号1的层 是 热反射涂层 用以 反射红外线(热)。Number 2 is a double refractive crystal, probably lithium niobate. 第二是双折射晶体,可能是铌酸锂晶体。 It is one part of the low pass filter and softens the image in horizontal direction to suppress aliasing artifacts. 他是低通滤镜的一部分,将影像作水平方向的柔化,以降低混淆(摩尔纹?) While the light passes through the crystal, the image is separated into an ordinary and an extraordinary image. 当光通过晶体,影像被分离成为寻常光影像跟非常光影像(双折射性质) The thickness of the layer determines how much the images are displaced and therefore determines the strength of the low pass filter. 这一层的厚度决定了影像被移置了多少,也因此决定了这片滤镜的效果强度。 This layer is 0.825mm thick. 这片的厚度达0.825mm。
The images produced by the first low pass filter are linear polarized. 经过第一面低通滤镜所产生的影像已经被线性偏极化。 Layer 3 is a λ/4 plate and converts the linear polarized light into circular polarized light. 第三层是λ/4 plate用以转换线性偏极光成为圆型偏极光。 This is necessary because the second low pass filter won't work with linear polarized light. 这是有必要的,因为第二层的低通滤镜不能对线性偏极光产生用处 [0.425mm]Number 4 is a cyan colored infrared absorption filter. It blocks the remaining IR light which passed the hot mirror. The cyan color is necessary for more natural red shades in the image. [0.375mm]
第四片是青绿色的红外线吸收片,他阻挡了通过热镜面的残余红外线,青绿色是为了使影像有更自然的红色阴影。(?)Number 5 is the vertical component of the low pass filter. [0.825mm]
5号是低通滤镜的垂直部件(?)Number 6 is a normal antireflective coating.
最后是普通的抑制反射涂层(极薄)The filter of a Canon 5D is build similarly but only 1.45mm thick.
Canon 5D 的低通滤镜用类似的工法制造,只是更薄(1.45mm)
low pass filter 5D1) Hot mirror (reflects IR light) 热镜面(反射红外线)
2) horizontal low pass filter [1.0mm] 水平低通滤镜
3) IR absorption filter [0.2mm] 红外线吸收滤镜
4) λ/4 plate [0.25mm] 四分之一波长(?) 金属板
5) normal antireflective coating 一般的抑制反射涂层Not shown is the vertical part of the low pass filter [1.0mm]. It's glued directly in front of the sensor and cannot be removed.
这里所没有显示出来的是垂直低通滤镜 [1.0mm]。被直接胶合在感应器前,而且无法移除。--------------------------------环型 圆型 平面 线性.....偏振光 polarized lightelectrodynamics(名) 电动力学 或 电磁学 名词偏极光、偏极化光、偏振光都有人讲。偏极光:光是一种电磁波,一般的光线在前进时,电磁振动方向四面八方都有。
偏极片(Polarizer):可用来吸收某一方向之线偏极光,而输出与其相垂直的线偏极光。--------------------------------http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PolarizationLinear (平面、线性的) Circularhttp://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%81%E5%8C%96线极化 圆极化在电动力学中,极化(或偏振)是波(如光和其它电磁辐射)的一个重要特性。与纵波如常见的声波不同,电磁波是三维的横波,正是由于其向量特性,从而产生出极化这一现象。
--------------------------------Lithium niobate
近年来,铌酸锂晶体由于其自身所具有的多种优异性能和巨大的应用前景而受到了人们的广泛关注,但生长出满足不同市场要求的高质量铌酸锂单晶体比较困难.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birefringence
Uniaxial materials, at 590 nm
lithium niobate LiNbO32.2722.187-0.085--------------------------------摩尔纹 请参考Mr.OH! 数字讲座 - 第29讲 数位相机的缺陷:摩尔纹、伪色与紫边效应 / 数字影像坊http://www.digital.idv.tw/DIGITAL/Classroom/MROH-CLASS/oh29/index-oh29.htm另一种方式就是将这片滤光镜直接安装在 CCD 的前面,使其曝光条件满足空间频率,影像中就不会出现摩尔纹。大量的数字相机与 DSLR 的 CCD 前安装有低通道过滤器,Canon EOS 30D 甚至安装了三组低通道滤片(因其 CMOS 开口率较大故需要更佳的滤除效果)。透过这种方式,彻底过滤影像中高空间频率部分,减少摩尔纹发生的机会,但这也会同步降低影像的锐利度。aliasing zone 混淆区 (摩尔纹)LOW PASS FILTERThe structure of the low pass filter in front of your sensor is more complicated than you probably expect. It consists of several layers which are glued together. Each layer has its own special task. Let's take the low pass filter of a Canon 30D/350D as an example.
The Filter has a total thickness of 2.45mm:Layer number 1 is a hot mirror coating and reflects infrared light.Number 2 is a double refractive crystal, probably lithium niobate. It is one part of the low pass filter and softens the image in horizontal direction to suppress aliasing artifacts. While the light passes through the crystal, the image is separated into an ordinary and an extraordinary image. The thickness of the layer determines how much the images are displaced and therefore determines the strength of the low pass filter. This layer is 0.825mm thick.The images produced by the first low pass filter are linear polarized. Layer 3 is a λ/4 plate and converts the linear polarized light into circular polarized light. This is necessary because the second low pass filter won't work with linear polarized light. [0.425mm]
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单反低通滤波器厚度
用火箭吹球清理 CCD 上的 OLPF
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CCD: Charge Coupled Device 电荷耦合装置 (半导体摄像器)
OLPF: Optical Low-Pass Filter 低通滤波镜
GIOTTOS 60mm 火箭吹球
第 1 页
Ayer创意提供
清理前 IMGP6129.jpg
清理后 IMGP6152.jpg
第 2 页
把反光镜提升,开口朝下,用火箭吹球向上吹
吹5~6下
真是像鬼一样干净
快速又方便
只是不知道会不会因此增加CCD腔室的尘污 (因为用黏的比较踏实)
不然怎么没人推荐?
>>补充:F38下会看到微小尘点,看来那些是吹不走的部分,因为太小了。
第 3 页
淬炼:
干,有够干净
还是吹了灰尘会落到机身内其它地方?
所以没人推荐
而用黏的是因为确实黏出机身外,所以很多人用
绿色色版的噪声比较低,可能因为我室内光源的白墙偏绿
第 4 页
曝光时间: 2"
光圈大小: F38.0
最大光圈: F5.7
模糊圈(CoC): 0.020 mm
超焦距离: 3.95 m
曝光模式: Aperture-priority AE
ISO感光数值: 800
白平衡设定: Auto
原始焦距: 55.0 mm
35mm等效焦距: 55.0 mm (35 mm equivalent: 82.0 mm)
用绿色色版,拉开对比
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
第 5 页
传说Canon 30D CCD前有三片低通滤镜 所以成像比较软(Soft)
Canon D30 images are well known for outputting somewhat "soft" images.
以canon 30d来讲甚至在感光组件前加装了三组「低通道过滤器」来减少这情形发生!
大量的数码相机的CCD 前安装有低通滤波器,Canon EOS 30D 甚至安装了三组低通滤波器(因其CMOS 开口率较大故需要更佳的滤除效果)。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------通滤镜长什么样子呢??
low pass filter 30D
The Filter has a total thickness of 2.45mm
第 6 页
可以减低摩尔纹的LPF
参考:
http://www.sensor-film.com/filter.html
low pass filter 低通滤镜
The structure of the low pass filter in front of your sensor is more complicated than you probably expect. 在感应器前的低通滤镜的结构比你想象的更复杂。 It consists of several layers which are glued together. 它由许多分层胶合在一起。 Each layer has its own special task. 每一层有他独自的用处。 Let's take the low pass filter of a Canon 20D/30D as an example. 就让我们拿Canon 20D/30D的低通滤镜来做例子吧。
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