初中教师资格证英语学科知识与教学能力考点归纳

初中教师资格证英语学科知识与教学能力考点归纳

一、语言知识与能力之语用学分析

1. Conversational implicature会话含义

It means the extra meaning not contained in the literal utterances, understandable to the listener only when he shares the speaker’s knowledge or knows why and how he violates intentionally one of the four maxims of the cooperative principle.

2. The cooperative principle合作原则 

(1) Violation of maxim of quantity违反数量原则

① Make your contribution as informative as is required (for the current purposes of the exchange).

② Do not make your contribution more informative than is required.

E.g. War is war. [War is cruel.] 战争就是战争。(战争很残酷)

(2)Violation of maxim of quality违反质量原则

① Do not say what you believe to be false.